IoT Enabled Solar Powered Automation and Monitoring System for Modern Poultry Farming

This research aims to develop an eco-friendly, renewable energy-powered intelligent poultry farm system to maintain optimal environmental conditions, manage food supplies, and automate egg collection to enhance monitoring and control efficiency. The poultry farm consists of a boiler section and an incubator section. ESP32 micro-controller manages system operations and actuator communication. The system integrates DHT11 sensor’s for temperature and humidity monitoring, a humidifier for humidity control, 100W bulb’s for temperature regulation, an ultrasonic sensor for food level monitoring, an SG90 servo motor for automated food replenishment, and a laser-LDR combination for egg counting. DHT11 sensor reading calibration using a linear regression model, where boiler temperature and humidity RMSE error are reduce 42.1% and 77.7%. Similarly, incubator temperature and humidity RMSE error are reduce 73.7% and 87.3%. Solar panels are used to generate the necessary power supply for the system. Solar panel irradiance experimental performance is 14.16% more for 600W/m² than 300W/m². All environmental data is displayed on an onsite LCD monitor, while system loads are controlled through a relay module. All data is transmitted to a data server through the HTTPS communication protocol. Data transmission for 10 m to 50 m distance 32-byte data transmission loss is 7.2% and 64-byte loss is 7.8%. System operations are managed through an IoT-based mobile application and visualized on a Web-based platform. This system improves farm management by streamlining operations and substantial advance over traditional poultry farming practices, offering improved efficiency and environmental benefits.