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<p>The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses an increasingly serious threat to the security of classical cryptographic protocols, undermining the mathematical foundations of RSA, Diffie-Hellman, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography, which is of great danger to cloud computing environments where data transmission confidentiality is of paramount importance. Hence, this paper presents the Lattice Post-Quantum Optimized Key Distribution (LPQ-OKD) protocol. The proposed LPQ-OKD protocol enables efficient, quantum-resistant, and scalable key management for cloud-based communication. The implementation of the lattice-based cryptography within the LPQ-OKD model provides a high level of security against classical and quantum-enabled attacks while maintaining low key generation and exchange latency. Performance, resource utilization, real-time throughput and attack resistance were assessed by carrying out extensive experiments with several lattice dimensions (<i>n</i> = 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024, 1536), and session volumes (1,000–100,000 sessions). Findings show that LPQ-OKD is capable of having ultra-secure protection of key entropy of 251.8 to 255.4 bits, session success rates of 99.85%–99.99%, predictable CPU consumption of 5 to 78% and memory consumption of 4.6&#xa0;MB to 62.3&#xa0;MB even when under high load conditions. Key generation times are between 0.92 ms to 10.1 ms, and the key exchange latency is between 6.8 ms and 80.6 ms, which verifies that it operates on low latency. Also, this protocol is very resistant to MITM, replay, Store-Now-Decrypt, and chosen-ciphertext attacks, and the success rate of the attack is less than 1.89% at the lowest lattice dimension and less than 0.15% with the highest lattice size. Altogether, LPQ-OKD offers a secure, scalable, and forward-looking protocol stack of quantum-resistant cloud communications, with a balance of security, efficiency, and scalability, and a future-proof structure of the next-generation secure cloud infrastructures.</p>

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Quantum-Resistant Cryptographic Protocols for Secure Communication in Cloud Computing Environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • Desidi Narsimha Reddy,
  • Veeramani Thangavel,
  • M. Rajalakshmi,
  • Mohd Ashraf,
  • Modugula Sivajyothi,
  • Elangovan Muniyandy

摘要

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses an increasingly serious threat to the security of classical cryptographic protocols, undermining the mathematical foundations of RSA, Diffie-Hellman, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography, which is of great danger to cloud computing environments where data transmission confidentiality is of paramount importance. Hence, this paper presents the Lattice Post-Quantum Optimized Key Distribution (LPQ-OKD) protocol. The proposed LPQ-OKD protocol enables efficient, quantum-resistant, and scalable key management for cloud-based communication. The implementation of the lattice-based cryptography within the LPQ-OKD model provides a high level of security against classical and quantum-enabled attacks while maintaining low key generation and exchange latency. Performance, resource utilization, real-time throughput and attack resistance were assessed by carrying out extensive experiments with several lattice dimensions (n = 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024, 1536), and session volumes (1,000–100,000 sessions). Findings show that LPQ-OKD is capable of having ultra-secure protection of key entropy of 251.8 to 255.4 bits, session success rates of 99.85%–99.99%, predictable CPU consumption of 5 to 78% and memory consumption of 4.6 MB to 62.3 MB even when under high load conditions. Key generation times are between 0.92 ms to 10.1 ms, and the key exchange latency is between 6.8 ms and 80.6 ms, which verifies that it operates on low latency. Also, this protocol is very resistant to MITM, replay, Store-Now-Decrypt, and chosen-ciphertext attacks, and the success rate of the attack is less than 1.89% at the lowest lattice dimension and less than 0.15% with the highest lattice size. Altogether, LPQ-OKD offers a secure, scalable, and forward-looking protocol stack of quantum-resistant cloud communications, with a balance of security, efficiency, and scalability, and a future-proof structure of the next-generation secure cloud infrastructures.