A Novel Design and Performance Assessment of a Blockchain-Powered Remote Patient Monitoring System

The healthcare industry has integrated Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain technologies extensively, with remote patient monitoring (RPM) being one such domain. The rapid advancement of wearable IoT medical devices has enabled the real-time collection and processing of sensory data from patients. However, the centralization of IoT data storage poses challenges such as single-point failure (SPoF), data tampering, and privacy concerns. Blockchain offers a solution to these issues through its decentralized architecture. This study presents a novel design for blockchain-based RPM system that enables the doctor to securely monitor the patient’s vital signs and prescribe medication accordingly. The proposed system is implemented with Hyperledger Fabric and also evaluates the efficiency of the proposed RPM model using the Hyperledger Caliper tool. The results have shown low latency and high throughput which is acceptable for real-time applications. It’s observed that during the write operations, the peak of throughput reached to 104.9tps when the achieved send rate was 122.8 tps. Likewise, the peak of average latency is reached at 4.91 s at 175 tps, whereas during the query round, the latency remains consistent (0.01 s) across all send rates except for 250 tps. In contrast to traditional systems for RPM employing client–server architecture, the proposed system leverages blockchain to enhance efficiency and security.