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The Quantum Cyclic Rotation Gate

  • Arianna Pavone,
  • Caterina Viola

摘要

A circular shift operator (or cyclic rotation gate) \({{\,\mathrm{\texttt {ROT}}\,}}_k\) ROT k applies a rightward (or leftward) shift to an input register of n qubits o by as many positions as encoded by an additional input \(k \in \mathbb N\) k N . Specifically, the qubit at position x is moved to position \((x+k) \mod n\) ( x + k ) mod n . While it is known that there exists a quantum rotation operator that can be implemented in \({{\,\mathrm{\mathcal {O}}\,}}(\log (n))\) O ( log ( n ) ) -time, through the repeated parallel application of the elementary \({{\,\mathrm{\texttt {Swap}}\,}}\) Swap operators, there is no systematic procedure that concretely constructs the quantum operator \({{\,\mathrm{\texttt {ROT}}\,}}\) ROT for variable size n of the quantum register and a variable parameter k. We fill the gap, providing a systematic implementation of the cyclic rotation operator (denoted  \({{\,\mathrm{\texttt {ROT}}\,}}\) ROT ) in a quantum circuit model of computation whose depth is \({{\,\mathrm{\mathcal {O}}\,}}(\log (n))\) O ( log ( n ) ) . We show how the circular shift operator can be utilized in quantum approaches to text processing, focusing on the problem of getting all possible cyclic rotations of a string in \({{\,\mathrm{\mathcal {O}}\,}}(\log ^2(n))\) O ( log 2 ( n ) ) depth.