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<p>Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is a principal staple cereal consumed by more than half of the world’s population and contributes over 40% of India’s total grain production. In Assam, rice is a key agricultural crop and a major component of the state’s economy; however, its productivity remains below the national average due to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these, drought stress is a predominant constraint, particularly affecting yield during the <i>Ahu</i> (pre-kharif) season. To mitigate drought-induced yield losses, a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) program was undertaken using the short-duration, drought-susceptible cultivar ‘Kolong’ as the recurrent parent and the drought-tolerant donor ‘IR-64 drought’. Parental polymorphism analysis identified three SSR markers RM3825 (<i>qDTY1.1</i>), RM279 (<i>qDTY2.2</i>), and RM518 (<i>qDTY4.1</i>) which were used for foreground selection in BC₂F₂ and BC₂F₄ generations. Out of the backcross progenies, two improved BC₂F₄ lines, Kolong <i>×</i> IR-64 drought-7 and Kolong × IR-64 drought-8, were selected based on superior agronomic performance and drought tolerance under stress conditions. Both lines exhibited early flowering, short duration (100–110 days), and significantly improved drought tolerance with mean grain yields of 4.10 t ha⁻¹ and 4.13 t ha⁻¹, respectively, under water-limited conditions. Genome analysis using evenly distributed SSR markers revealed 83.07% and 78.48% recurrent parent genome recovery in these lines, respectively. This developed BC₂F₄ lines thus represent promising pre-release breeding materials for <i>Ahu</i> season cultivation in Assam. Further, multi-location trials under different agroclimatic conditions will help to validate their performance and potential release as short duration, high yielding, drought tolerant rice varieties for the North Eastern region of India, contributing to sustainable and climate-resilient rice production systems.</p>

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Marker assisted improvement of drought tolerance in short duration rice cultivars of Northeast India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Amrit Tamuly,
  • Sunita Munda,
  • Rahul K. Verma,
  • Jyoti Lekha Borah,
  • Joli Dutta,
  • Purna K. Barua,
  • Mahendra K. Modi,
  • Pradip C. Dey,
  • Sanjay K. Chetia

摘要

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a principal staple cereal consumed by more than half of the world’s population and contributes over 40% of India’s total grain production. In Assam, rice is a key agricultural crop and a major component of the state’s economy; however, its productivity remains below the national average due to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these, drought stress is a predominant constraint, particularly affecting yield during the Ahu (pre-kharif) season. To mitigate drought-induced yield losses, a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) program was undertaken using the short-duration, drought-susceptible cultivar ‘Kolong’ as the recurrent parent and the drought-tolerant donor ‘IR-64 drought’. Parental polymorphism analysis identified three SSR markers RM3825 (qDTY1.1), RM279 (qDTY2.2), and RM518 (qDTY4.1) which were used for foreground selection in BC₂F₂ and BC₂F₄ generations. Out of the backcross progenies, two improved BC₂F₄ lines, Kolong × IR-64 drought-7 and Kolong × IR-64 drought-8, were selected based on superior agronomic performance and drought tolerance under stress conditions. Both lines exhibited early flowering, short duration (100–110 days), and significantly improved drought tolerance with mean grain yields of 4.10 t ha⁻¹ and 4.13 t ha⁻¹, respectively, under water-limited conditions. Genome analysis using evenly distributed SSR markers revealed 83.07% and 78.48% recurrent parent genome recovery in these lines, respectively. This developed BC₂F₄ lines thus represent promising pre-release breeding materials for Ahu season cultivation in Assam. Further, multi-location trials under different agroclimatic conditions will help to validate their performance and potential release as short duration, high yielding, drought tolerant rice varieties for the North Eastern region of India, contributing to sustainable and climate-resilient rice production systems.