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<p>The rice gall midge, <i>Orseolia oryzae</i> (Wood-Mason) ) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a destructive pest in Asia and Africa. In India, it is a serious pest in states like, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal, Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Manipur; the first three states being the most important hotspots for gall midge infestations and damage on rice. In recent years, gall midge damage on rice leading to high yield loss has been more pronounced as increased area is being cultivated with hybrid rice showing high susceptibility against most rice pests. Resistance / susceptibility of several known genotypes having diverse known resistance genes such as W1263 <i>(Gm1)</i>, Phalguna (<i>Gm2</i>), ARC 5984 (<i>Gm5</i>), ARC 6605, Bhumansan (<i>Gm7 + Gm8</i>), Velluthacheera (<i>gm3</i>), RP2068-18-5-2 (<i>gm3</i>), Aganni (<i>Gm6</i>), Abhaya (<i>Gm4</i>) NHTA8 (<i>Gm1 + Gm9+ Gm10</i>), T1477 (<i>Gm7 + Gm8</i>) along with several rice varieties with known and unknown resistance genes was determined against 8 different biotypes prevalent in India. All biotypes were reared in the greenhouse under controlled environmental conditions for varying number of generations. When the genotypes were infested with freshly collected gall midge biotypes under choice conditions, the genotype Abhaya exhibited resistance to all biotypes evaluated, whereas the remaining genotypes showed resistance to some biotypes and susceptibility to others. However, when genotypes carrying different resistance genes were infested under greenhouse field conditions with biotype 4&#xa0;M collected from Mulugu, the highly resistant genotype Abhaya displayed a significant degree of susceptibility, with approximately 44% of plants exhibiting onion shoot formation. Screening of commercial rice varieties and hybrids revealed a high degree of susceptibility to gall midge biotypes, with only one or two cultivars showing partial tolerance. Using three different sources of resistance, a gall midge–resistant hybrid was developed by pyramiding the genes <i>Gm1, Gm2, and Gm4.</i></p>

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Evaluation of commercial rice varieties and gene differentials for resistance against certain populations of Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in India and development of a rice with three gene stacks under artificial infestations in two different experimental setups

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月16日

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  • Harish Kumar

摘要

The rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) ) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a destructive pest in Asia and Africa. In India, it is a serious pest in states like, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal, Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Manipur; the first three states being the most important hotspots for gall midge infestations and damage on rice. In recent years, gall midge damage on rice leading to high yield loss has been more pronounced as increased area is being cultivated with hybrid rice showing high susceptibility against most rice pests. Resistance / susceptibility of several known genotypes having diverse known resistance genes such as W1263 (Gm1), Phalguna (Gm2), ARC 5984 (Gm5), ARC 6605, Bhumansan (Gm7 + Gm8), Velluthacheera (gm3), RP2068-18-5-2 (gm3), Aganni (Gm6), Abhaya (Gm4) NHTA8 (Gm1 + Gm9+ Gm10), T1477 (Gm7 + Gm8) along with several rice varieties with known and unknown resistance genes was determined against 8 different biotypes prevalent in India. All biotypes were reared in the greenhouse under controlled environmental conditions for varying number of generations. When the genotypes were infested with freshly collected gall midge biotypes under choice conditions, the genotype Abhaya exhibited resistance to all biotypes evaluated, whereas the remaining genotypes showed resistance to some biotypes and susceptibility to others. However, when genotypes carrying different resistance genes were infested under greenhouse field conditions with biotype 4 M collected from Mulugu, the highly resistant genotype Abhaya displayed a significant degree of susceptibility, with approximately 44% of plants exhibiting onion shoot formation. Screening of commercial rice varieties and hybrids revealed a high degree of susceptibility to gall midge biotypes, with only one or two cultivars showing partial tolerance. Using three different sources of resistance, a gall midge–resistant hybrid was developed by pyramiding the genes Gm1, Gm2, and Gm4.