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<p>Rice is one of the main cereal grains consumed on a regular basis in underdeveloped and developing nations across the globe. As a water-intensive crop, rice is particularly susceptible to drought stress, which adversely affects global food security. Global climate change has significantly increased the intensity and frequency of droughts. Drought stress strongly influences several physiological, morphological, biochemical, and agronomic parameters, directly affecting crop output. Plants use a variety of defence mechanisms, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, synthesis of various osmolytes, secondary metabolites, and phytohormones, to adapt to stressful environments. The candidate genes and metabolic pathways crucial to drought resistance in rice are getting revealed by recent advancements in molecular biology tools combined with enhanced breeding methodologies. In order to develop rice cultivars with increased drought tolerance, it will be extremely helpful to understand the ‘omics’ responses in rice during drought stress, particularly of tolerant genotypes. Moreover, molecular breeding techniques, enhanced agronomic management, genome editing, and genetic engineering may make substantial contributions in this regard. The integration of multi-omics methods, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics, offers a comprehensive understanding of cellular dynamics in plants under water deprivation. Therefore, it is imperative to utilize omics data from many molecular pathways to develop drought-resistant rice varieties for changing climatic circumstances. This article provides a comprehensive review of research on morpho-physiological, biochemical, molecular, and omics approaches, along with their applications in developing drought-tolerant rice varieties to address global food security concerns.</p>

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Harnessing omics and molecular breeding for developing drought-resilient rice varieties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Rouf Parray,
  • Alok Kumar Singh,
  • Devendra Pratap Singh,
  • Zakir Amin,
  • Bhagyashree Dulakakharia,
  • Gracia Priya Kumari,
  • Bushra Rasool,
  • Debashish Panda,
  • Nabarun Roy,
  • Sajad Un Nabi,
  • Akhil Baruah,
  • Tabia Fayaz,
  • Rakesh Singh,
  • Gyanendra Pratap Singh

摘要

Rice is one of the main cereal grains consumed on a regular basis in underdeveloped and developing nations across the globe. As a water-intensive crop, rice is particularly susceptible to drought stress, which adversely affects global food security. Global climate change has significantly increased the intensity and frequency of droughts. Drought stress strongly influences several physiological, morphological, biochemical, and agronomic parameters, directly affecting crop output. Plants use a variety of defence mechanisms, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, synthesis of various osmolytes, secondary metabolites, and phytohormones, to adapt to stressful environments. The candidate genes and metabolic pathways crucial to drought resistance in rice are getting revealed by recent advancements in molecular biology tools combined with enhanced breeding methodologies. In order to develop rice cultivars with increased drought tolerance, it will be extremely helpful to understand the ‘omics’ responses in rice during drought stress, particularly of tolerant genotypes. Moreover, molecular breeding techniques, enhanced agronomic management, genome editing, and genetic engineering may make substantial contributions in this regard. The integration of multi-omics methods, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics, offers a comprehensive understanding of cellular dynamics in plants under water deprivation. Therefore, it is imperative to utilize omics data from many molecular pathways to develop drought-resistant rice varieties for changing climatic circumstances. This article provides a comprehensive review of research on morpho-physiological, biochemical, molecular, and omics approaches, along with their applications in developing drought-tolerant rice varieties to address global food security concerns.