Effects of strigolactone-modified biochars on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germination and soil nutrient dynamics in alkaline soil
摘要
Biochar amendment is increasingly explored as a strategy to improve soil quality and crop establishment in cereal-based systems. This study evaluated the effects of pristine and strigolactone-modified biochars derived from seven invasive plant species (Neltuma juliflora, Parthenium hysterophorus, Broussonetia papyrifera, Avena fatua, Phalaris minor, Xanthium strumarium, and Alternanthera pungens) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germination, early growth, and soil chemical properties under alkaline soil conditions. Biochars, either untreated or modified with strigolactones, were applied at 1% (w/w) and compared with an unamended control. Following amendments, different soil properties including pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, and available phosphorus, potassium, and sodium were determined following amendment. Among the tested materials, strigolactone-modified Phalaris minor biochar significantly enhanced wheat germination (18%), shoot length (7.4%), and biomass (11.4%) relative to other biochar treatments and the control. Strigolactone-modified biochars resulted in lower soil nutrient concentrations (11.3%), seedling density (7.3%), seedling height (3.1%), and soil organic matter compared with their respective pristine biochars; however, all biochar treatments significantly improved soil organic matter and nutrient availability compared with the control soil. The results demonstrated that strigolactone modification alters biochar-soil-plant interactions and may influence early wheat establishment in alkaline soils, highlighting the need for further evaluation under field conditions and across different soil types.
Graphical Abstract