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<p>Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affects barley growth and productivity, with peduncle length being a critical trait influencing plant architecture and yield stability under such conditions. This study aims to elucidate the genetic architecture underlying peduncle length under salt stress by identifying desirable alleles and candidate genes in barley. Utilizing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, we analyzed a diverse barley panel subjected to controlled salt stress conditions. A highly significant reduction was detected by 68% for peduncle length under salt stress compared to the control. Based on GWAS analysis, 68 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected and associated with all the evaluated traits under salt and control treatments at − log<sub>10</sub>(<i>p</i>-value) ≥ 4 that were detected to be located within or near several potential candidate genes. For instance, a significant marker (G:A) at position 563,140,116–563,141,991 bp is located near the gene <i>HORVU.MOREX.r3.5HG0526260</i> is annotated as Dof (DNA-binding with one finger) zinc-finger proteins that are transcription factors involved in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. Subsequent real-time quantitative RT-PCR validated the expression patterns of identified candidate genes in response to salt stress. Our analysis revealed several loci significantly associated with peduncle length, highlighting key genomic regions that harbor potential genes influencing this trait. Notably, candidate genes involved in hormone signaling, cell-wall biosynthesis, and stress response pathways exhibited differential expression in roots, stems, and leaves under saline conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing peduncle development under salt stress and provide valuable genetic resources for barley breeding programs. By incorporating these desirable alleles, it is possible to develop barley varieties with optimized plant architecture and improved resilience to salinity, thereby ensuring stable yields in challenging environments.</p>

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Decoding salt-adaptive peduncle length in barley through genome-wide association and candidate gene validation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Samar G. Thabet,
  • Abdelghafar Mohamed Abu-Elsaoud,
  • Amr Elkelish,
  • Andreas Börner,
  • Fehmi Boufahja,
  • Hussain Alqahtani,
  • Haifa A. S. Alhaithloul,
  • Fatmah Ahmed Safhi,
  • Ahmad M. Alqudah

摘要

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affects barley growth and productivity, with peduncle length being a critical trait influencing plant architecture and yield stability under such conditions. This study aims to elucidate the genetic architecture underlying peduncle length under salt stress by identifying desirable alleles and candidate genes in barley. Utilizing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, we analyzed a diverse barley panel subjected to controlled salt stress conditions. A highly significant reduction was detected by 68% for peduncle length under salt stress compared to the control. Based on GWAS analysis, 68 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected and associated with all the evaluated traits under salt and control treatments at − log10(p-value) ≥ 4 that were detected to be located within or near several potential candidate genes. For instance, a significant marker (G:A) at position 563,140,116–563,141,991 bp is located near the gene HORVU.MOREX.r3.5HG0526260 is annotated as Dof (DNA-binding with one finger) zinc-finger proteins that are transcription factors involved in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. Subsequent real-time quantitative RT-PCR validated the expression patterns of identified candidate genes in response to salt stress. Our analysis revealed several loci significantly associated with peduncle length, highlighting key genomic regions that harbor potential genes influencing this trait. Notably, candidate genes involved in hormone signaling, cell-wall biosynthesis, and stress response pathways exhibited differential expression in roots, stems, and leaves under saline conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing peduncle development under salt stress and provide valuable genetic resources for barley breeding programs. By incorporating these desirable alleles, it is possible to develop barley varieties with optimized plant architecture and improved resilience to salinity, thereby ensuring stable yields in challenging environments.