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<p>As one of the most abundant and conserved gene families in eukaryotes, <i>bZIP</i> transcription factors are essential for plant development, growth, and responses to abiotic stress, as well as anthocyanin accumulation. This study investigates the basic leucine zipper (<i>bZIP</i>) transcription factor gene family in Emmer wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum subsp</i>. <i>dicoccum</i>), an ancient grain recognized for its nutritional benefits and agricultural resilience. In this study, we identified 70 <i>bZIP</i> genes that were unevenly distributed in the emmer wheat genome and named them <i>TdbZIP1</i> to <i>TdbZIP70</i>. These <i>TdbZIP</i>s were clustered into six clades with clade-specific motifs and structures. We examined exon–intron structures, conserved motifs, and cis-regulatory elements, providing insights into the functional roles of these genes. Synteny analysis illustrated the conservation of gene order among related species, while Circos plots visualized complex genomic relationships. Additionally, tissue-specific expression analysis highlighted the differential expression of <i>bZIP</i> genes across various tissues. The whole-genome duplication (WGD) analysis suggested that segmental duplication is likely the primary factor contributing to the expansion of the <i>TdbZIP</i> family. This research represents the first report on the <i>bZIP</i> gene family in emmer wheat, contributing to a deeper understanding of their roles in crop improvement, sustainable agriculture, and food security.</p>

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Genome-wide identification and characterization of the bZIP gene family and their expression in emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Lal Dhari Patel,
  • Sharanbasappa D Madival,
  • Sujata Thakur,
  • Shivadarshan S Jirli,
  • Dwijesh Chandra Mishra,
  • Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi,
  • Shashi Bhushan Lal,
  • Anu Sharma,
  • Neeraj Budhlakoti,
  • Sanjeev Kumar,
  • Girish Kumar Jha,
  • Mukul Kumar,
  • Amit Kumar Singh

摘要

As one of the most abundant and conserved gene families in eukaryotes, bZIP transcription factors are essential for plant development, growth, and responses to abiotic stress, as well as anthocyanin accumulation. This study investigates the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor gene family in Emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum), an ancient grain recognized for its nutritional benefits and agricultural resilience. In this study, we identified 70 bZIP genes that were unevenly distributed in the emmer wheat genome and named them TdbZIP1 to TdbZIP70. These TdbZIPs were clustered into six clades with clade-specific motifs and structures. We examined exon–intron structures, conserved motifs, and cis-regulatory elements, providing insights into the functional roles of these genes. Synteny analysis illustrated the conservation of gene order among related species, while Circos plots visualized complex genomic relationships. Additionally, tissue-specific expression analysis highlighted the differential expression of bZIP genes across various tissues. The whole-genome duplication (WGD) analysis suggested that segmental duplication is likely the primary factor contributing to the expansion of the TdbZIP family. This research represents the first report on the bZIP gene family in emmer wheat, contributing to a deeper understanding of their roles in crop improvement, sustainable agriculture, and food security.