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<p>Leaf rust, caused by <i>Puccinia triticina</i>, is the most common and worldwide-distributed disease of wheat cultivated everywhere. Worldwide, the variability of <i>P. triticina</i> isolates is large, and molecular detection of their polymorphism using SSR targeting Slovak isolates has not been carried out so far. For this reason, this study dealt with polymorphism detection using SSR (simple sequence repeat) combined with virulence analysis and statistical processing of thirty leaf rust isolates collected from one location in Slovakia in 2020. This location is specific because several hundred cereal genetic resources have been yearly propagated there since 1996. Twenty-two virulence phenotypes and thirty SSR genotypes of <i>P. triticina</i> were detected. Resistance genes strongly influencing the virulence variability of the isolates in the given location were mainly <i>Lr1</i>, <i>Lr15</i>, <i>Lr24</i>, <i>Lr26</i>, <i>Lr2c</i>, and <i>Lr2b</i>. All isolates were virulent against <i>Lr3a</i> and <i>Lr13</i>, and avirulent to <i>Lr9</i> and <i>Lr19</i>, so these genes did not influence pathogen virulence variability. Using 15 SSR primers, 60 different alleles were detected, with an average of 4 alleles per locus. The SSR markers PtSSR68, PtSSR154, and RB11 had the greatest ability to detect polymorphism in Slovak leaf rust isolates in this location. Based on structure analysis, a set of 30 <i>P. triticina</i> isolates was divided into two groups. These groups differed in the degree of genetic variability of individual isolates, and their difference was statistically significant. A high number of heterozygous alleles, significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and no Mantel correlation between genetic and virulence variability revealed the presence of clonal reproduction of the <i>P. triticina.</i> These results regarding the high genetic variability detected in Slovak isolates collected from one location may be due to the sampling site, where hundreds of genetic resources of cereals, primary, and potential <i>P. triticina</i> hosts have been propagated for decades.</p>

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High genetic variability of Puccinia triticina at a specific location in Slovakia: a case study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Katarína Ondreičková,
  • Alena Hanzalová,
  • Lenka Klčová,
  • Martina Hudcovicová,
  • Miroslava Hrdlicová,
  • Edita Gregová,
  • Svetlana Šliková

摘要

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is the most common and worldwide-distributed disease of wheat cultivated everywhere. Worldwide, the variability of P. triticina isolates is large, and molecular detection of their polymorphism using SSR targeting Slovak isolates has not been carried out so far. For this reason, this study dealt with polymorphism detection using SSR (simple sequence repeat) combined with virulence analysis and statistical processing of thirty leaf rust isolates collected from one location in Slovakia in 2020. This location is specific because several hundred cereal genetic resources have been yearly propagated there since 1996. Twenty-two virulence phenotypes and thirty SSR genotypes of P. triticina were detected. Resistance genes strongly influencing the virulence variability of the isolates in the given location were mainly Lr1, Lr15, Lr24, Lr26, Lr2c, and Lr2b. All isolates were virulent against Lr3a and Lr13, and avirulent to Lr9 and Lr19, so these genes did not influence pathogen virulence variability. Using 15 SSR primers, 60 different alleles were detected, with an average of 4 alleles per locus. The SSR markers PtSSR68, PtSSR154, and RB11 had the greatest ability to detect polymorphism in Slovak leaf rust isolates in this location. Based on structure analysis, a set of 30 P. triticina isolates was divided into two groups. These groups differed in the degree of genetic variability of individual isolates, and their difference was statistically significant. A high number of heterozygous alleles, significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and no Mantel correlation between genetic and virulence variability revealed the presence of clonal reproduction of the P. triticina. These results regarding the high genetic variability detected in Slovak isolates collected from one location may be due to the sampling site, where hundreds of genetic resources of cereals, primary, and potential P. triticina hosts have been propagated for decades.