Confirmation and validation of ‘saline-tolerant QTLs’ for seedling stage tolerance in rice
摘要
Rice, an important cereal crop, is highly sensitive to salinity. As global rice-growing areas increasingly become saline due to various factors, this seriously threatens productivity and, ultimately, food security. The development of saline-tolerant rice cultivars is the only practical way to maintain rice crop production in these areas. Extensive studies have shown that the Saltol QTL, originally identified in the cultivar ‘Pokkali’ on chromosome 1, controls salinity tolerance through Na+: K+ homeostasis. Genes in this region, viz. OsNHX1 and OsHKT2;1 are known to regulate this mechanism by accumulating excess Na+ into the vacuoles. The Saltol region contains five quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are tightly linked with many simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Through ‘QTL confirmation’ and ‘marker validation’ of the Saltol region, rapid breeding of saline-tolerant rice cultivars can be achieved via marker-assisted selection (MAS). We developed an F2 population by crossing ADT 45 (a saline-susceptible mega variety) with FL 478 (a saline-tolerant breeding line). To facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS), 72 SSR markers surrounding the Saltol region on chromosome 1 were studied to validate the QTL–marker association through genetic mapping. This study demonstrates the association of QTLs in the Saltol region with salinity tolerance-related traits such as shoot Na+ concentration, shoot Na+:K+ ratio, root Na+ concentration, root K+ concentration, and Na+:K+ ratio. The SSR markers RM493 on the distal end, AP3206 on the proximal end, and RM3412 as the peak marker were identified as tightly linked and potential SSR markers that can be used in marker-assisted selection.