Transcriptome analysis for heat stress related genes in wheat genotype WH-730

The extreme weather events like heat waves will be more frequent due to global climate change events and could affect the wheat crop yield. The heat stress had a negative impact on heat sensitive wheat genotypes and significantly reduces growth, development and crop production, hence highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing heat stress response in this important crop species. In this study, we used a heat tolerant wheat genotype (WH-730), sown under two conditions (control and heat treated). The transcriptome analysis was done using Illumina Novoseq 6000 to identify gene which were differentially expressed under heat stress. We utilized DESeq2 to identify genes which were differentially expressed. A total of 5610 were found differentially expressed, out of 5610 DEGs, 2617 were significantly up-regulated, while 2993 were significantly down-regulated. These identified DEGs were assessed using volcano plots, GO ontology, KEGG ontology and KEGG pathway unveiling the involvement of various biological processes and metabolic pathways in the heat stress response, including heat shock proteins, antioxidant defense and metabolic adjustments. In this study we found the dominant enzyme of the KEGG pathway is peroxidase, it is found upregulated in this pathway and regulates the synthesis of lignin and may activate the defensive system of plants so that plants can survive in adverse conditions. The DEGs identified could accelerate stress genomics and might contribute to the evolution of heat stress-tolerant, productive wheat varieties. contribute to the evolution of heat stress-tolerant, productive wheat varieties