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<p>Environmental changes in natural ecosystems can influence mosquito populations and promote the circulation of pathogens that cause diseases in humans, especially in the Amazon, which holds rich biodiversity. This study investigated the diversity of Culicidae in the upper Madeira River region, western Amazonia, and assessed how environmental predictors, such as distance from the river, distance from the forest, type of land use, and number of residents in the households, influence mosquito composition, abundance, and species richness. For this, mosquito samplings were conducted in sites with varying land uses, using human landing catches and electric aspirators. The relative abundance indices were calculated, and the sampling effort was evaluated using rarefaction curves, according to land use. In total, 14.187 mosquito specimens were collected, comprising 40 species across nine genera. <i>Anopheles darlingi</i> and <i>Mansonia titillans</i> were the dominant species, accounting for over 60% of all individuals, and the least abundant were <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, <i>Aedeomyia squamipennis</i>, <i>Anopheles minor, Anopheles rangeli, Chagasia bonnae</i>, and <i>Wyeomyia argenteorostris</i>. The rarefaction curves did not reach the asymptote, except for the peri-urban zone. Generalized linear models showed that mosquito abundance was positively associated with proximity to the Madeira River, number of residents per household, and land use type. Species richness was also significantly higher near the river, and PERMANOVA analyses revealed that both land use and river distance influenced community composition. These results highlight the role of floodplain environments in maintaining high Culicidae diversity and the influence of human presence on vector abundance. The findings establish an ecological baseline for mosquito biodiversity prior to major economic developments and underscore the need for sustained entomological surveillance in rapidly changing Amazonian landscapes.</p>

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Mosquito biodiversity patterns in a region of intense anthropogenic pressure in the Upper Madeira River, Western Amazonia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Francisco Augusto da Silva Ferreira,
  • Adriano Nobre Arcos,
  • Natalielli do Socorro Galdino Maia,
  • Fábio Medeiros da Costa,
  • Rosemary Aparecida Roque,
  • Vera Margarete Scarpassa,
  • Wanderli Pedro Tadei,
  • Fabrício Beggiato Baccaro

摘要

Environmental changes in natural ecosystems can influence mosquito populations and promote the circulation of pathogens that cause diseases in humans, especially in the Amazon, which holds rich biodiversity. This study investigated the diversity of Culicidae in the upper Madeira River region, western Amazonia, and assessed how environmental predictors, such as distance from the river, distance from the forest, type of land use, and number of residents in the households, influence mosquito composition, abundance, and species richness. For this, mosquito samplings were conducted in sites with varying land uses, using human landing catches and electric aspirators. The relative abundance indices were calculated, and the sampling effort was evaluated using rarefaction curves, according to land use. In total, 14.187 mosquito specimens were collected, comprising 40 species across nine genera. Anopheles darlingi and Mansonia titillans were the dominant species, accounting for over 60% of all individuals, and the least abundant were Aedes aegypti, Aedeomyia squamipennis, Anopheles minor, Anopheles rangeli, Chagasia bonnae, and Wyeomyia argenteorostris. The rarefaction curves did not reach the asymptote, except for the peri-urban zone. Generalized linear models showed that mosquito abundance was positively associated with proximity to the Madeira River, number of residents per household, and land use type. Species richness was also significantly higher near the river, and PERMANOVA analyses revealed that both land use and river distance influenced community composition. These results highlight the role of floodplain environments in maintaining high Culicidae diversity and the influence of human presence on vector abundance. The findings establish an ecological baseline for mosquito biodiversity prior to major economic developments and underscore the need for sustained entomological surveillance in rapidly changing Amazonian landscapes.