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<p>The societal challenge of achieving health equity entails universal and equal access to social and healthcare services. Public policies are required to provide an opportunity for everyone, regardless of socioeconomic status, to share equally the benefits of healthcare access. Social protection policies are needed for decent living and working conditions that are significant social determinants of health, affecting inequalities. A social policy based on comprehensive studies and sociological analysis should be promoted to understand the dynamic and interdependent nature of social determinants for developing prevention programs and public health interventions to improve human well-being and create healthier, resilient and sustainable societies. Coordinating healthcare financing with broader social welfare goals helps ensure progress in population health. However, health expenditures at the national and international level have been constrained over recent decades under public health austerity policies. The pandemic further highlighted the impasse of financial restraints. Individual responsibility for illness has been emphasized, whereas social perspective mainly takes into consideration the social dimensions of health as an outcome depending on socio-economic, political and environmental conditions. In this work, key social policies and practice measures to reform public health and reduce inequalities are discussed towards alleviating health impacts induced by poverty and adverse economic circumstances as well as by environmental and climate crisis, by strengthening social solidarity. Financing possibilities remain prerequisite for enhancing the health system, and the need for state intervention has emerged. Particularly, governments must assume and maintain their crucial role in shaping resilient public health systems. Expanding public healthcare coverage can lead to increased use of quality healthcare and protection against economic crises for middle- and low-income families. Health and social justice require a complete and institutionally organized public health system, in which everyone has equitable access and appropriate treatment.</p>

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Societal Challenges of Public Policies Promoting Health Equity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Evangelia Lakioti

摘要

The societal challenge of achieving health equity entails universal and equal access to social and healthcare services. Public policies are required to provide an opportunity for everyone, regardless of socioeconomic status, to share equally the benefits of healthcare access. Social protection policies are needed for decent living and working conditions that are significant social determinants of health, affecting inequalities. A social policy based on comprehensive studies and sociological analysis should be promoted to understand the dynamic and interdependent nature of social determinants for developing prevention programs and public health interventions to improve human well-being and create healthier, resilient and sustainable societies. Coordinating healthcare financing with broader social welfare goals helps ensure progress in population health. However, health expenditures at the national and international level have been constrained over recent decades under public health austerity policies. The pandemic further highlighted the impasse of financial restraints. Individual responsibility for illness has been emphasized, whereas social perspective mainly takes into consideration the social dimensions of health as an outcome depending on socio-economic, political and environmental conditions. In this work, key social policies and practice measures to reform public health and reduce inequalities are discussed towards alleviating health impacts induced by poverty and adverse economic circumstances as well as by environmental and climate crisis, by strengthening social solidarity. Financing possibilities remain prerequisite for enhancing the health system, and the need for state intervention has emerged. Particularly, governments must assume and maintain their crucial role in shaping resilient public health systems. Expanding public healthcare coverage can lead to increased use of quality healthcare and protection against economic crises for middle- and low-income families. Health and social justice require a complete and institutionally organized public health system, in which everyone has equitable access and appropriate treatment.