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<p>Drylands constitute more than 40% of earth’s terrestrial surface area which are mainly arid in nature. Dryland systems are commonly known for harsh environmental conditions, where soil moisture and nutrients availability are main limiting factors. It represents the largest terrestrial biome globally and projected to expand by alarming rate of more than 20% by the end of twenty-first century. Besides the presence of natural environmental stresses or conditions in these areas, anthropogenic activities putting magnitude to it. Soil harbours a vast array of microbial communities, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoans, and nematodes, which play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture. These microorganisms facilitate key processes that enhance soil fertility, support plant health, and maintain ecosystem stability. They contribute to plant growth through various mechanisms, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, secretion of growth-promoting compounds, improved nutrient absorption, soil structure enhancement, and degradation of toxic substances. Many earlier and recent researches prove the efficacy of such microorganisms mainly bacteria and fungi for improving plant or crop growth in stressful environmental conditions. In recent years, there has been growing interest in leveraging microbial communities to enhance soil health and optimize plant productivity, even though their diversity, interactions with plants, and practical applications in field settings remain poorly understood. This review will provide a holistic knowledge about the available sustainable microbial solutions for mitigation of various environmental stresses present in dryland systems. Additionally, we explore the factors shaping soil microbial communities and identify research gaps that must be addressed to fully harness their agricultural potential. In order to cope up the future overpopulation and food demand projections, the need of the hour is to use the dryland systems in a strategic manner, utilizing microbial aided sustainable solutions which can contribute to a better future.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Utilizing microbe-based solutions for sustainable restoration of drylands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Rajeev Pratap Singh,
  • Sinha Sahab,
  • Ibha Suhani,
  • Udai Bhan Singh

摘要

Drylands constitute more than 40% of earth’s terrestrial surface area which are mainly arid in nature. Dryland systems are commonly known for harsh environmental conditions, where soil moisture and nutrients availability are main limiting factors. It represents the largest terrestrial biome globally and projected to expand by alarming rate of more than 20% by the end of twenty-first century. Besides the presence of natural environmental stresses or conditions in these areas, anthropogenic activities putting magnitude to it. Soil harbours a vast array of microbial communities, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoans, and nematodes, which play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture. These microorganisms facilitate key processes that enhance soil fertility, support plant health, and maintain ecosystem stability. They contribute to plant growth through various mechanisms, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, secretion of growth-promoting compounds, improved nutrient absorption, soil structure enhancement, and degradation of toxic substances. Many earlier and recent researches prove the efficacy of such microorganisms mainly bacteria and fungi for improving plant or crop growth in stressful environmental conditions. In recent years, there has been growing interest in leveraging microbial communities to enhance soil health and optimize plant productivity, even though their diversity, interactions with plants, and practical applications in field settings remain poorly understood. This review will provide a holistic knowledge about the available sustainable microbial solutions for mitigation of various environmental stresses present in dryland systems. Additionally, we explore the factors shaping soil microbial communities and identify research gaps that must be addressed to fully harness their agricultural potential. In order to cope up the future overpopulation and food demand projections, the need of the hour is to use the dryland systems in a strategic manner, utilizing microbial aided sustainable solutions which can contribute to a better future.

Graphical abstract