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<p>Porous asphalt (PA) provides important hydrological and environmental benefits by promoting surface water infiltration, but its long-term performance is often limited by clogging. While prior studies mainly address physical and sediment-related clogging, vegetation-induced clogging from leaf litter and organic debris remains underexplored despite its prevalence in field conditions. This study investigates vegetation-driven clogging in PA, focusing on the role of organic debris in obstructing pore interconnectivity. Sediment collected from vegetated roadside pavements was analysed gravimetrically to quantify biological content. Laboratory experiments assessed clogging progression, permeability loss, and the effectiveness of maintenance strategies, including vacuum sweeping and high‑pressure water jetting. Wet–dry cycle tests (12&#xa0;h and 24&#xa0;h) were conducted to evaluate the influence of moisture fluctuations on clogging behaviour. The results showed that field sampling from rural and urban roads revealed greater total debris accumulation on rural highways, whereas urban roads had higher organic fractions (~ 4%). Permeability tests indicated that pure vegetation debris caused the most severe permeability loss after 10 cycles, likely due to its flat particle morphology that promotes surface bridging and pore sealing. In contrast, when vegetation debris was combined with sand and clay, clogging severity was reduced, as the mineral particles disrupted surface crust formation by the vegetation debris. Dry–wet cycles intensified clogging, with 24‑hour cycles yielding the lowest normalized permeability (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:k/{k}_{0}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) as longer drying periods increased debris adhesion and may have promoted biofilm growth. Combined water‑pressure and vacuum cleaning achieved the greatest recovery (up to 0.164 <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:k/{k}_{0}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and maintained effectiveness across cycles, outperforming single methods.</p>

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Vegetation Debris-Induced Clogging in Porous Asphalt: Physical Clogging Characteristics and Maintenance Evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Estu Hanifan,
  • Muhammad Ichsanul Akbar Natsir,
  • Taqia Rahman,
  • Latif Budi Suparma,
  • Imtiaz Ahmed,
  • Syed Bilal Ahmed Zaidi

摘要

Porous asphalt (PA) provides important hydrological and environmental benefits by promoting surface water infiltration, but its long-term performance is often limited by clogging. While prior studies mainly address physical and sediment-related clogging, vegetation-induced clogging from leaf litter and organic debris remains underexplored despite its prevalence in field conditions. This study investigates vegetation-driven clogging in PA, focusing on the role of organic debris in obstructing pore interconnectivity. Sediment collected from vegetated roadside pavements was analysed gravimetrically to quantify biological content. Laboratory experiments assessed clogging progression, permeability loss, and the effectiveness of maintenance strategies, including vacuum sweeping and high‑pressure water jetting. Wet–dry cycle tests (12 h and 24 h) were conducted to evaluate the influence of moisture fluctuations on clogging behaviour. The results showed that field sampling from rural and urban roads revealed greater total debris accumulation on rural highways, whereas urban roads had higher organic fractions (~ 4%). Permeability tests indicated that pure vegetation debris caused the most severe permeability loss after 10 cycles, likely due to its flat particle morphology that promotes surface bridging and pore sealing. In contrast, when vegetation debris was combined with sand and clay, clogging severity was reduced, as the mineral particles disrupted surface crust formation by the vegetation debris. Dry–wet cycles intensified clogging, with 24‑hour cycles yielding the lowest normalized permeability ( \(\:k/{k}_{0}\) ) as longer drying periods increased debris adhesion and may have promoted biofilm growth. Combined water‑pressure and vacuum cleaning achieved the greatest recovery (up to 0.164 \(\:k/{k}_{0}\) ) and maintained effectiveness across cycles, outperforming single methods.