<p>This study investigates the application and evaluation methods of silane coupling agent (SCA) at the asphalt mixtures level to accurately establish the correlation between interfacial enhancement and moisture damage resistance of asphalt mixtures. Multi-scale methods combined scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and surface free energy (SFE) were utilized to characterize silane film uniformity and quantify adhesion/debonding energies. A refined Hamburg Wheel Tracking (HWT) curve separation method was implemented to accurately characterize moisture damage. SCA modification formed a hydrophobic, carbon-rich film on basalt and granite aggregates via hydrolysis and covalent bonding, reducing surface polarity and enhancing asphalt affinity. SFE analysis revealed modified aggregates exhibited lower debonding energy (indicating moisture resistance) and improved adhesion energy. HWT results demonstrated that SCA-treated mixtures delayed moisture damage initiation and reduced moisture-induced deformation, with moisture damage resistance (MDR) metric increasing. Modified basalt outperformed modified granite due to more uniform silane coverage. A strong correlation (R² &gt; 0.75) between debonding energy and MDR validated that interfacial hydrophobicity is a critical factor in moisture resistance and superiority of MDR as a performance indicator for evaluating moisture damage resistance in asphalt mixtures. The immersion Marshall master curves demonstrate that silane modification effectively mitigates damage caused by sustained moisture ingress, significantly reducing both the rate and extent of degradation for retained stability over time. Separated HWT curves and immersion Marshall master curves providing a robust framework for evaluating pavement deformation and durability under humid conditions.</p>