Review on Porous Asphalt Pavements: A Comprehensive Resolution for Stormwater Management and Applications in Current Built Environment

Due to frequent storms and the expansion of impermeable surfaces brought on by urban development, urban areas are increasingly faced with flash flooding issues. Permeable pavements have consequently gained popularity as a possible remedy that not only resolves flash flood issues but also provides other environmental advantages to urban populations. Porous Asphalt (PA) pavements are a type of permeable pavement characterized by an open-graded friction course with a high percentage of air voids, facilitating the efficient removal of water from the pavement surface. It also offers a variety of additional advantages like noise reduction, groundwater recharge, water purification, mitigation of the urban heat island effect (UHI), reduced risk of hydroplaning, and improved skid and rut resistance, promoting sustainable urban development in addition to their structural advantages. In contrast, choosing PA for roads is a bit tricky because of some problems like clogging, moisture damage, and durability issues. This occurs during infiltration, freezing, and thawing cycles. So, deciding the applicability of PA is challenging. This study extensively examined various aspects of PA pavements, exploring parameters such as aggregate gradation, asphalt binder, modifiers, and geotextile fabric. The review goal was to understand factors that influence the design mix of PA pavements, aiming to enhance the durability and strength of PA pavements. Furthermore, various studies were reviewed to assess the performance evaluation parameters of PA pavements and differentiate between evaluation processes in comparison with dense asphalt (DA) pavement. This analysis aimed to identify variations in these parameters and provide valuable insights in determining whether the design mix aligns with the desired properties.