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<p>Urbanization and climate change are intertwined with each other, which has altered the local climate and resulted in the formation of urban heat island (UHI). This impacts the environment and human well-being due to increased heat stress, which may worsen during extreme weather events. The study aims to investigate the changes in the spatiotemporal pattern of land use/land cover, land surface temperature (LST), UHI, and thermal comfort in Delhi and its four major neighbouring cities. The study has used Landsat images for assessing LST, UHI, and urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI) for the years 2010, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The results showed an increase in the area of vegetation, urban, and barren land by 271km<sup>2</sup>, 214km<sup>2</sup>, and 130km<sup>2</sup>, respectively, during 2010–2020. The study also revealed an increase in mean LST by 2°C, indicating a warming trend from 2010 to 2019. However, prolonged COVID-19 lockdown and reduced anthropogenic activities resulted in a 4&#xa0;°C reduction in mean LST in 2021 and an increase in thermal comfort. The mean LST difference between vegetation and urban areas was about 4–5&#xa0;°C. In 2010, the maximum area was within the UHI range of 0.5–0.6, which has shifted to a higher range of &gt; 0.7 in 2019 and 2022. During the heatwave condition, an increase in the heat-exposed area is observed.</p>

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Spatio-temporal analysis of surface urban heat island and thermal variability in relation to LULC patterns: a case study of Delhi, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Bhavna Singh,
  • Veluswamy Venkatramanan

摘要

Urbanization and climate change are intertwined with each other, which has altered the local climate and resulted in the formation of urban heat island (UHI). This impacts the environment and human well-being due to increased heat stress, which may worsen during extreme weather events. The study aims to investigate the changes in the spatiotemporal pattern of land use/land cover, land surface temperature (LST), UHI, and thermal comfort in Delhi and its four major neighbouring cities. The study has used Landsat images for assessing LST, UHI, and urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI) for the years 2010, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The results showed an increase in the area of vegetation, urban, and barren land by 271km2, 214km2, and 130km2, respectively, during 2010–2020. The study also revealed an increase in mean LST by 2°C, indicating a warming trend from 2010 to 2019. However, prolonged COVID-19 lockdown and reduced anthropogenic activities resulted in a 4 °C reduction in mean LST in 2021 and an increase in thermal comfort. The mean LST difference between vegetation and urban areas was about 4–5 °C. In 2010, the maximum area was within the UHI range of 0.5–0.6, which has shifted to a higher range of > 0.7 in 2019 and 2022. During the heatwave condition, an increase in the heat-exposed area is observed.