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<p>Atmospheric circulation over central Africa is affected by radiative anomalies. This study investigates the atmospheric thermal balance using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset from 1981–2022. The findings unveil that the 2&#xa0;m temperature increases the sensible heat flux in the northern part of central Africa, while in the central and southern parts of the area, the 2&#xa0;m temperature reinforces the latent heat flux. Analysis of the major terms in the thermal equilibrium equation shows that in the lower troposphere, horizontal temperature advection is large, while in the middle and upper troposphere<b>,</b> it is small. The diabatic heating contributes positively to the thermal balance in March–April-May (MAM) and September–October-November (SON), except between 650 and 300&#xa0;hPa in December-January–February (DJF) over the northern part of the domain, and in June-July–August (JJA) in the south of the region where a negative contribution is noted. Positive values of diabatic heating are associated with the contribution of latent, sensible and radiative heat fluxes. The adiabatic heating, through its negative values, weakens the atmospheric thermal balance. In addition, the adiabatic heating profile features a similar structure to that of the vertical velocity, reflecting the influence of the convection in the atmospheric thermal budget equilibrium over Central Africa.</p>

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Analysis of the vertical structure of atmospheric thermal balance over Central Africa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月24日

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  • Brice C. Tchana,
  • Zéphirin Y. Djomou,
  • Kevin Kenfack,
  • Alain T. Tamoffo,
  • César B. Mbane

摘要

Atmospheric circulation over central Africa is affected by radiative anomalies. This study investigates the atmospheric thermal balance using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset from 1981–2022. The findings unveil that the 2 m temperature increases the sensible heat flux in the northern part of central Africa, while in the central and southern parts of the area, the 2 m temperature reinforces the latent heat flux. Analysis of the major terms in the thermal equilibrium equation shows that in the lower troposphere, horizontal temperature advection is large, while in the middle and upper troposphere, it is small. The diabatic heating contributes positively to the thermal balance in March–April-May (MAM) and September–October-November (SON), except between 650 and 300 hPa in December-January–February (DJF) over the northern part of the domain, and in June-July–August (JJA) in the south of the region where a negative contribution is noted. Positive values of diabatic heating are associated with the contribution of latent, sensible and radiative heat fluxes. The adiabatic heating, through its negative values, weakens the atmospheric thermal balance. In addition, the adiabatic heating profile features a similar structure to that of the vertical velocity, reflecting the influence of the convection in the atmospheric thermal budget equilibrium over Central Africa.