<p>Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have recently attracted considerable interest as a distinct and rapidly developing family of porous crystalline materials with promising potential in the field of rechargeable batteries and other broader electrochemical energy storage systems. Their unique structural reversibility, adjustable pore networks, and flexible integration of redox-active sites make them appealing candidates for electrochemical applications. Nevertheless, their practical use remains significantly challenged and hindered by persistent issues, such as framework instability during prolonged cycling and inherently poor electronic conductivity. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the synthesis, molecular design, and functional engineering of HOFs is provided. Emphasis is placed on rational design approaches that aim to reinforce hydrogen-bonding interactions and extend π-conjugated systems to improve structural robustness and enhance charge transport properties. Their application as electrode materials and protective layers is further explored. Finally, future research opportunities are discussed to guide the development of HOFs for next-generation energy storage technologies.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>