<p>In applying the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) drive system, diagnosing the stator winding inter-turn short circuit (SWITSC) fault in the early stage is essential to ensure its reliable operation. Although much effort has been invested in detecting SWITSC, the existing research still pays insufficient attention to fault location, mainly manifested in the accuracy and severity judgment of fault localization. To achieve fast and accurate SWITSC fault detection, fault location, and fault level determination, the DFIG mathematical model is established before and after the fault to analyze the SWITSC fault characteristics. Based on the characteristics of flux residuals under different phase faults, the magnitude and vector angle are proposed as the feature quantities of fault diagnosis, fault location, and fault judgment. The proposed fault diagnosis method only needs a simple look-up table and does not need complex feature extraction steps. At the same time, the adaptive threshold of flux residual is designed to improve the robustness of the fault diagnosis method. The fault characteristics under different SWITSC faults were summarized using mathematical expressions. The experimental results under different working conditions fully verify the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Through experiments, it was found that SWITSC faults can be located within 20ms.</p>