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<p>Parallel interleaved three-level (3L) neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverters (PITN) feature superior output performance and high-power handling capability, making them well-suited for industrial applications such as flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). However, due to the interleaved structure and common DC bus, PITNs inevitably generate interphase circulating currents (ICC) and zero-sequence circulating currents (ZSCC), which disrupt current balance, increase electromagnetic interference, and degrade system performance. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an optimal vector modulation strategy under multiple limitations, designed to suppress circulating currents, mitigate switching losses, and simplify implementation. Firstly, the strategy introduces limitations on the common-mode voltage (CMV) difference, eliminating vector combinations with excessive circulating current slopes, thereby minimizing ZSCC and ICC. Secondly, by applying limitations on clamping modes during the vector selection process, the optimal vector set reduces switching actions and mitigates switching losses. Additionally, the vector set is synthesized using a carrier-based modulation method, incorporating zero-sequence voltage injection and carrier exchange algorithm to simplify the implementation process. Finally, comparative experiments with existing methods on a 300-kW PITN fed FESS are conducted to demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed strategy.</p>

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Optimal Vector Strategy for Circulating Currents Suppression in Parallel Interleaved 3L-NPC Inverter Fed FESS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Xudong Zhang,
  • Qinghu Zhang,
  • Sheng Ai,
  • Chenghuan Tian,
  • Zhenping Li,
  • Erqiang Chen

摘要

Parallel interleaved three-level (3L) neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverters (PITN) feature superior output performance and high-power handling capability, making them well-suited for industrial applications such as flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). However, due to the interleaved structure and common DC bus, PITNs inevitably generate interphase circulating currents (ICC) and zero-sequence circulating currents (ZSCC), which disrupt current balance, increase electromagnetic interference, and degrade system performance. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an optimal vector modulation strategy under multiple limitations, designed to suppress circulating currents, mitigate switching losses, and simplify implementation. Firstly, the strategy introduces limitations on the common-mode voltage (CMV) difference, eliminating vector combinations with excessive circulating current slopes, thereby minimizing ZSCC and ICC. Secondly, by applying limitations on clamping modes during the vector selection process, the optimal vector set reduces switching actions and mitigates switching losses. Additionally, the vector set is synthesized using a carrier-based modulation method, incorporating zero-sequence voltage injection and carrier exchange algorithm to simplify the implementation process. Finally, comparative experiments with existing methods on a 300-kW PITN fed FESS are conducted to demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed strategy.