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<p>This study proposes an optimization framework for wayside energy storage systems (ESSs) in DC electric railway systems based on a new index, the Normalized Energy Saving per Charging-Cycle (NESCC). The NESCC quantifies the energy saving efficiency per unit capacity and per charge–discharge cycle, enabling a balanced evaluation between energy efficiency and ESS lifetime. Using a power and energy analysis algorithm applied to the Seoul Metro Line 8, the reduction in substation supply energy and voltage fluctuation was analyzed under various ESS capacities. Simulation results show that while the full capacity ESS provides the best electrical performance, the NESCC reaches its maximum at a smaller capacity, indicating an optimal design point considering lifecycle characteristics. The proposed NESCC based framework offers a practical approach for lifecycle-aware and cost-effective ESS planning in DC railway systems.</p>

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Optimized ESS Capacity Design in DC Railway Systems Based on the Normalized Energy Saving Per Charging-Cycle Index

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Hanmin Lee,
  • Younghwan Park,
  • Jung-Ghun Ohn,
  • Hansang Lee

摘要

This study proposes an optimization framework for wayside energy storage systems (ESSs) in DC electric railway systems based on a new index, the Normalized Energy Saving per Charging-Cycle (NESCC). The NESCC quantifies the energy saving efficiency per unit capacity and per charge–discharge cycle, enabling a balanced evaluation between energy efficiency and ESS lifetime. Using a power and energy analysis algorithm applied to the Seoul Metro Line 8, the reduction in substation supply energy and voltage fluctuation was analyzed under various ESS capacities. Simulation results show that while the full capacity ESS provides the best electrical performance, the NESCC reaches its maximum at a smaller capacity, indicating an optimal design point considering lifecycle characteristics. The proposed NESCC based framework offers a practical approach for lifecycle-aware and cost-effective ESS planning in DC railway systems.