Adaptive Virtual Inertia Strategy for Grid-Forming Inverters Based on Andronov-Hopf Oscillator Control
摘要
The Andronov–Hopf oscillator is a grid-forming control that demonstrates excellent self-synchronization, precise power sharing, and low harmonic characteristics. If properly implemented, this technique can help guarantee the safety and stability of new energy generation systems. However, the droop characteristics incorporated into its dynamic response cannot provide the necessary inertial support for power systems. If the level of inertia is insufficient, excessive frequency variability may occur, seriously impacting the stability and reliability of power systems. In this study, an improved control strategy for the Andronov–Hopf oscillator was devised in which an inertial link is added to the current input of the Andronov–Hopf oscillator to provide virtual inertia and damping for the frequency response. The provided virtual inertia parameter is also adjusted adaptively according to frequency variation. The results show that this strategy can effectively provide the inverter system with the appropriate inertia ratio and damping ratio. When the active power set value changes in a step, the inverter frequency can slowly increase and maintain a small frequency deviation, while ensuring that the inverter output active power is almost free of oscillation and overshooting. When the grid frequency suddenly decreases, it can also effectively alleviate the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), thus enhancing the frequency stability of the system.