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<p>The high-frequency switching in various DC/DC converters generates substantial common-mode electromagnetic interference (CM EMI). While passive filters can significantly reduce CM EMI, the common-mode inductors in these filters are often large and costly. This paper proposes a solution combining periodic spread spectrum and passive filters to mitigate CM EMI. Conventional periodic spread spectrum methods disperse most of the energy into the Carson bandwidth, reducing spectral spikes at the switching tube octave. However, the unoptimized slope of the conventional periodic spread spectrum waveform can generate excessive CM EMI spikes in the Carson bandwidth’s sidebands. To address this issue, we introduce secondary periodic spread spectrum (SEPWM) to extend the Carson bandwidth’s sidebands after traditional periodic spread spectrum, achieving further CM EMI reduction. By analyzing the influence of slope on spectral power distribution, we selected two SEPWM waveforms and optimized the spreading parameters using the walrus optimization algorithm. Simulation comparisons verify that SEPWM provides superior CM EMI reduction characteristics compared to traditional periodic spread spectrum methods. Additionally, we designed common-mode passive filters corresponding to fixed frequency (NPWM), conventional periodic spread spectrum, and SEPWM. Both simulation and experimental results confirm that the common-mode passive filter combined with SEPWM does not compromise CM EMI attenuation and meets the GB/T 18,655 − 2018 standard with minimal volume.</p>

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Study of a Common Mode Passive Filter Combined with Secondary Periodic Spread Spectrum

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Jiaxin Xiao,
  • Wenrong Yang

摘要

The high-frequency switching in various DC/DC converters generates substantial common-mode electromagnetic interference (CM EMI). While passive filters can significantly reduce CM EMI, the common-mode inductors in these filters are often large and costly. This paper proposes a solution combining periodic spread spectrum and passive filters to mitigate CM EMI. Conventional periodic spread spectrum methods disperse most of the energy into the Carson bandwidth, reducing spectral spikes at the switching tube octave. However, the unoptimized slope of the conventional periodic spread spectrum waveform can generate excessive CM EMI spikes in the Carson bandwidth’s sidebands. To address this issue, we introduce secondary periodic spread spectrum (SEPWM) to extend the Carson bandwidth’s sidebands after traditional periodic spread spectrum, achieving further CM EMI reduction. By analyzing the influence of slope on spectral power distribution, we selected two SEPWM waveforms and optimized the spreading parameters using the walrus optimization algorithm. Simulation comparisons verify that SEPWM provides superior CM EMI reduction characteristics compared to traditional periodic spread spectrum methods. Additionally, we designed common-mode passive filters corresponding to fixed frequency (NPWM), conventional periodic spread spectrum, and SEPWM. Both simulation and experimental results confirm that the common-mode passive filter combined with SEPWM does not compromise CM EMI attenuation and meets the GB/T 18,655 − 2018 standard with minimal volume.