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<p>Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) have become increasingly critical factors in the design of grid-connected power conversion systems, particularly as regulations have tightened in recent years. AC line filter design is often based solely on initial inductance values from datasheets or simple impedance measurements. However, the electromagnetic response of small- and large-signal inductance under DC bias conditions can deviate significantly from these simplified measurements. This study focuses on the analysis of an integrated common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) line filter for a single-phase grid-tied microinverter. A magnetic shunt structure is investigated as part of the AC line filter to effectively attenuate both CM and DM noise while maximizing power density. While the magnetic circuit method has been widely regarded as an effective tool for analytically designing magnetic components, this study shows that the magnetic circuit model cannot properly represent the physical model of the AC line filter. This paper addresses the limitations of conventional magnetic circuit analysis and presents a framework using a 3D finite element (FE) model that accounts for the nonlinear properties and small-signal inductance under DC bias conditions. The results show that filter design cannot be adequately performed using the magnetic circuit approach or without considering the impact of bias conditions. The introduced framework using 3D FEA is compared with experimental data and demonstrates strong agreement.</p>

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Study on Inductance Degradation in Common-Mode and Differential-Mode Line Filter with Magnetic Shunt Under Bias Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Seunghun Baek

摘要

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) have become increasingly critical factors in the design of grid-connected power conversion systems, particularly as regulations have tightened in recent years. AC line filter design is often based solely on initial inductance values from datasheets or simple impedance measurements. However, the electromagnetic response of small- and large-signal inductance under DC bias conditions can deviate significantly from these simplified measurements. This study focuses on the analysis of an integrated common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) line filter for a single-phase grid-tied microinverter. A magnetic shunt structure is investigated as part of the AC line filter to effectively attenuate both CM and DM noise while maximizing power density. While the magnetic circuit method has been widely regarded as an effective tool for analytically designing magnetic components, this study shows that the magnetic circuit model cannot properly represent the physical model of the AC line filter. This paper addresses the limitations of conventional magnetic circuit analysis and presents a framework using a 3D finite element (FE) model that accounts for the nonlinear properties and small-signal inductance under DC bias conditions. The results show that filter design cannot be adequately performed using the magnetic circuit approach or without considering the impact of bias conditions. The introduced framework using 3D FEA is compared with experimental data and demonstrates strong agreement.