Enhanced Microgrid Energy Optimization: Integrating Load Prioritization and Dynamic Temporal Adaptation

In the context of island mode operation, a microgrid may can not supply sufficient power for loads due to various factors such as weather condition. To prioritize power supply for critical loads and improve microgrid energy management efficiency simutaneously, this study proposes a method integrating load power supply priority and dynamic time intervals for MG energy optimization management.To prioritize power critical loads' energy demands, a penalty-based approach is introduced to minimize unsatisfied load power demands. Each load type has a defined unit penalty cost, regulating user demand response. In addition, dynamic time intervals are adopted to reduce the number of iterations as well as improve the RAM memory and processor utilization required for solving the microgrid energy optimization management model. Simulation tests on a microgrid comprized of distributed generations, battery energy storage systems, and energy consumption units were conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Test results prove that when appropriately configuring dynamic time intervals, solution results obtained using the proposed method closely align with that derived from fixed time interval-based methods. Finally, the energy optimization management effects of the proposed method were compared with that of two latest methods. The comparison results demonstrate that if microgrid underwent four different disconnection scenarios from the main distribution network, the proposed method saves 19.27%, 18.75%, 20.74%, 34.92%, 25.47% time to achieve energy optimization management compared with that of the first latest method, and 20.51%, 20.81%, 21.10%, 36.05%, 27.89% time than that of the second latest method.