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<p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Greenhouse vegetable cultivation increases the content and stability of macroaggregates, while long-term cultivation reduces their content and stability.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Soil organic carbon is dominated by alkoxy carbon.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Greenhouse vegetable cultivation increases the content of some Fe/Al oxides in aggregates of all size classes.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Greenhouse cultivation increases microbial biomass and elevates the abundances of Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, and Mucoromycota.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p><p>Soil aggregate formation and stability are influenced by soil organic carbon (SOC), Fe/Al oxides, and microbial activity, yet the underlying mechanisms in long-term greenhouse vegetable cultivation remain unclear. This study, conducted over 15 years in Xinmin, Liaoning, and utilized nuclear magnetic resonance and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the microbial-driven synergistic effects of Fe/Al oxides and organic carbon on soil aggregate stability. Results showed that greenhouse cultivation promoted the formation and stability of macroaggregates (&gt;0.25 mm), with Al oxides playing a more critical role than Fe oxides. Fe oxides (Feo, Fep, Fed) primarily drove microaggregate (0.25–0.053 mm) formation, while microbe-mediated mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) facilitated the transformation of clay-sized fractions (&lt;0.053 mm) into larger aggregates. However, long-term greenhouse cultivation weakened these effects, leading to a decline in macroaggregate content and stability. Long-term cultivation increased active Fe/Al oxides, key SOC components, and microbial biomass (e.g., Actinomycetota, Mucoromycota). This study is the first to elucidate the dominant role of Al oxides in macroaggregate formation and the microbial-driven MAOC mechanism promoting aggregate transformation, revealing the dynamic effects of long-term greenhouse cultivation. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing greenhouse management and enhancing vegetable yields.</p>

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Effects of microbe-driven synergistic interactions between Fe/Al oxides and organic carbon on soil aggregate stability under long-term greenhouse vegetable cultivation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Xiaoyu Zhang,
  • Jiaxi Tang,
  • Yan Yin,
  • Fengming Xi,
  • Jiaoyue Wang,
  • Longfei Bing,
  • Qinqin Hu

摘要

Greenhouse vegetable cultivation increases the content and stability of macroaggregates, while long-term cultivation reduces their content and stability.

Soil organic carbon is dominated by alkoxy carbon.

Greenhouse vegetable cultivation increases the content of some Fe/Al oxides in aggregates of all size classes.

Greenhouse cultivation increases microbial biomass and elevates the abundances of Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, and Mucoromycota.

Soil aggregate formation and stability are influenced by soil organic carbon (SOC), Fe/Al oxides, and microbial activity, yet the underlying mechanisms in long-term greenhouse vegetable cultivation remain unclear. This study, conducted over 15 years in Xinmin, Liaoning, and utilized nuclear magnetic resonance and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the microbial-driven synergistic effects of Fe/Al oxides and organic carbon on soil aggregate stability. Results showed that greenhouse cultivation promoted the formation and stability of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm), with Al oxides playing a more critical role than Fe oxides. Fe oxides (Feo, Fep, Fed) primarily drove microaggregate (0.25–0.053 mm) formation, while microbe-mediated mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) facilitated the transformation of clay-sized fractions (<0.053 mm) into larger aggregates. However, long-term greenhouse cultivation weakened these effects, leading to a decline in macroaggregate content and stability. Long-term cultivation increased active Fe/Al oxides, key SOC components, and microbial biomass (e.g., Actinomycetota, Mucoromycota). This study is the first to elucidate the dominant role of Al oxides in macroaggregate formation and the microbial-driven MAOC mechanism promoting aggregate transformation, revealing the dynamic effects of long-term greenhouse cultivation. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing greenhouse management and enhancing vegetable yields.