<p>Hydrogels are three-dimensional hydrophilic polymer networks that can absorb and hold immense amounts of either water or biological fluids. The distinct structure of hydrogels facilitates solute diffusion into the internal network, and it has an abundance of ionic and non-ionic functional components that can absorb or retain ionic dyes from sewage. The key objective of this research is to develop an assortment of pH-responsive biodegradable hydrogels combining citric acid, 1, 6 hexanediol and 2 Furoic acid. The two-step melt condensation approach in a solvent less condition forms the basis of the synthetic methodology. The hydrogels have been investigated by FT-IR, ¹H, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, SEM and TGA analysis respectively. Swelling investigations of hydrogel were carried out at an array of pH values from 2.0 to 11.0. The results of swelling studies demonstrate that the proportion of swelling is relatively larger at higher pH than at lower pH levels. The biodegradability of the hydrogel was investigated through a soil burial test over a 60-day duration. The agar well diffusion method was implemented to evaluate the antibacterial activity against two pathogens, namely <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli.</i> They demonstrated effective antibacterial properties against gram-positive bacteria. Malachite green oxalate has been selected as a cationic dye model. The dye adsorption experiments showed that bio-polymeric hydrogels based on hexanediol had very good dye removal ability. This specific type of hydrogel may be recommended for environmentally advantageous applications, including water purification, sewage water treatment, dye and metal ion removal.</p> Graphical Abstract of Hydrogels <p></p>