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<p>The growing environmental burden of single-use plastics has intensified the demand for sustainable packaging alternatives. This study develops biodegradable plates from sugarcane bagasse and optimizes their mechanical strength, flexibility, and water resistance through the incorporation of starch (2–6%), glycerol (2–8%), and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD, 1–4%). Adding 2% starch increased tensile strength from 174.2&#xa0;MPa to 176.3&#xa0;MPa (1.2% improvement) without inducing brittleness, while 2% glycerol enhanced flexibility by reducing stiffness by approximately 18% compared with the untreated plate. Although AKD reduced water absorption by more than 40%, concentrations above 2% caused surface cracking, prompting the exploration of natural coatings as future alternatives. These results highlight a practical pathway for converting agricultural waste into durable, biodegradable plates suitable for large-scale adoption in sustainable food packaging systems.</p>

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Developing Sustainable Packaging: Improving the Mechanical, Flexibility, and Water Resistance of Bagasse-Based Biodegradable Plates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Sherifa Elhady,
  • Rawan K. Hassan,
  • Irene S. Fahim

摘要

The growing environmental burden of single-use plastics has intensified the demand for sustainable packaging alternatives. This study develops biodegradable plates from sugarcane bagasse and optimizes their mechanical strength, flexibility, and water resistance through the incorporation of starch (2–6%), glycerol (2–8%), and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD, 1–4%). Adding 2% starch increased tensile strength from 174.2 MPa to 176.3 MPa (1.2% improvement) without inducing brittleness, while 2% glycerol enhanced flexibility by reducing stiffness by approximately 18% compared with the untreated plate. Although AKD reduced water absorption by more than 40%, concentrations above 2% caused surface cracking, prompting the exploration of natural coatings as future alternatives. These results highlight a practical pathway for converting agricultural waste into durable, biodegradable plates suitable for large-scale adoption in sustainable food packaging systems.