<p>In this study, we prepared a carbon-coated prelithiation additive to replenish lithium ions lost to solid electrolyte interphase formation during the initial charge–discharge process. After mixing LiOH and FePO<sub>4</sub> in various weight ratios, Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>–Li<sub>5</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub> composites were synthesized through a two-step heat treatment involving precursor hydrolysis and a solid-state reaction. To improve the surface stability of the synthesized composites, a carbon coating was applied via chemical vapor deposition using acetylene as the carbon source. The physical properties of the mixed-phase composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The electrochemical properties were analyzed by charge–discharge cycling, rate capability tests, differential capacity(d<i>Q</i>/d<i>V)</i> analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The NCM811 cathode containing the prelithiation additive prepared at a LiOH/FePO<sub>4</sub> weight ratio of 11:1 exhibited the highest initial capacity of 242.3 mAh/g, corresponding to a 7.7% increase compared to pristine NCM811. Compared with NCM811 containing uncoated Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>–Li<sub>5</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub>, the carbon-coated composite exhibited 7% higher capacity retention after 100 cycles and 7.9% higher charge capacity. Additionally, it maintained a high capacity of 161.2 mAh/g even at a rate of 6&#xa0;C.</p>

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Electrochemical characteristics of carbon-coated Li3PO4-Li5FeO4 pre-lithiation additive for lithium-ion batteries

  • Ju Hui Jeong,
  • Kang Mi Lee,
  • Jong Dae Lee

摘要

In this study, we prepared a carbon-coated prelithiation additive to replenish lithium ions lost to solid electrolyte interphase formation during the initial charge–discharge process. After mixing LiOH and FePO4 in various weight ratios, Li3PO4–Li5FeO4 composites were synthesized through a two-step heat treatment involving precursor hydrolysis and a solid-state reaction. To improve the surface stability of the synthesized composites, a carbon coating was applied via chemical vapor deposition using acetylene as the carbon source. The physical properties of the mixed-phase composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The electrochemical properties were analyzed by charge–discharge cycling, rate capability tests, differential capacity(dQ/dV) analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The NCM811 cathode containing the prelithiation additive prepared at a LiOH/FePO4 weight ratio of 11:1 exhibited the highest initial capacity of 242.3 mAh/g, corresponding to a 7.7% increase compared to pristine NCM811. Compared with NCM811 containing uncoated Li3PO4–Li5FeO4, the carbon-coated composite exhibited 7% higher capacity retention after 100 cycles and 7.9% higher charge capacity. Additionally, it maintained a high capacity of 161.2 mAh/g even at a rate of 6 C.