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<p>Producing high-quality pristine graphene remains a major bottleneck for its widespread technological adoption due to the cost and limitations of conventional synthesis methods. Here, we emphasize biomass-derived charcoal as a sustainable, low-cost, and readily available carbon precursor, offering a practical alternative to traditional graphite sources. We demonstrate a simple and economical approach for graphene production involving charcoal pretreatment, controlled electrochemical exfoliation, surfactant-assisted sonication, and filtration. Comprehensive characterization using HRTEM, FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, AFM, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation of few-layer and single-layer graphene with structural properties comparable to commercial-grade materials. Electrochemical evaluation on graphene-modified screen-printed electrodes shows a 105% increase in electron mobility and a 17% reduction in charge transfer resistance, indicating enhanced electrical performance. These results highlight the potential of charcoal as a renewable carbon feedstock and establish a cost-effective, environmentally friendly pathway for graphene production, enabling applications in energy storage, sensing, and next-generation electronic devices.</p>

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Charcoal to graphene: a sustainable route via electrochemical exfoliation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Thiraset Suksaenkraisorn,
  • Chanokphat Thana-dachophol,
  • Kanokon Somkaew,
  • Porpin Pungetmongkol

摘要

Producing high-quality pristine graphene remains a major bottleneck for its widespread technological adoption due to the cost and limitations of conventional synthesis methods. Here, we emphasize biomass-derived charcoal as a sustainable, low-cost, and readily available carbon precursor, offering a practical alternative to traditional graphite sources. We demonstrate a simple and economical approach for graphene production involving charcoal pretreatment, controlled electrochemical exfoliation, surfactant-assisted sonication, and filtration. Comprehensive characterization using HRTEM, FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, AFM, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation of few-layer and single-layer graphene with structural properties comparable to commercial-grade materials. Electrochemical evaluation on graphene-modified screen-printed electrodes shows a 105% increase in electron mobility and a 17% reduction in charge transfer resistance, indicating enhanced electrical performance. These results highlight the potential of charcoal as a renewable carbon feedstock and establish a cost-effective, environmentally friendly pathway for graphene production, enabling applications in energy storage, sensing, and next-generation electronic devices.