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<p>In this study, an anode composite material was fabricated by embedding spherical carbon-coated nanosilicon (Si@C) into a layered carbon-coated silicon (L-Si/C) to enhance the capacity and stability of silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. The L-Si/C material was obtained by reacting CaSi<sub>2</sub> through a CO₂-assisted carbonization process, followed by removal of the CaCO<sub>3</sub> byproduct via HCl etching. Si@C particles, prepared using polydopamine as a carbon precursor, were uniformly embedded in the L-Si/C via ultrasonic treatment. The physical properties of the prepared anode composites were analyzed using HR-SEM, EDS, XRD, and BET. The electrochemical performances were investigated using 1&#xa0;M LiPF<sub>6</sub> in EC:DEC (1:1 vol%) with 10 wt% FEC as the electrolyte, through charge–discharge cycling, rate capability tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential capacity (dQ/dV) analysis. L-Si/C exhibited the best electrochemical performance under the thermal treatment condition of 720&#xa0;°C and a CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 100 sccm. In addition, the application of ultrasonic treatment improved structural stability and rate capability. Consequently, the S_L-Si/C + Si@C-2 exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 2700.7 mAh/g at 0.1 C and a capacity of 617.4 mAh/g at a high rate of 6 C.</p>

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Electrochemical characteristics of layered carbon-coated silicon anode composites embedded with Si@C for Li-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Kang Mi Lee,
  • Jong Dae Lee

摘要

In this study, an anode composite material was fabricated by embedding spherical carbon-coated nanosilicon (Si@C) into a layered carbon-coated silicon (L-Si/C) to enhance the capacity and stability of silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. The L-Si/C material was obtained by reacting CaSi2 through a CO₂-assisted carbonization process, followed by removal of the CaCO3 byproduct via HCl etching. Si@C particles, prepared using polydopamine as a carbon precursor, were uniformly embedded in the L-Si/C via ultrasonic treatment. The physical properties of the prepared anode composites were analyzed using HR-SEM, EDS, XRD, and BET. The electrochemical performances were investigated using 1 M LiPF6 in EC:DEC (1:1 vol%) with 10 wt% FEC as the electrolyte, through charge–discharge cycling, rate capability tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential capacity (dQ/dV) analysis. L-Si/C exhibited the best electrochemical performance under the thermal treatment condition of 720 °C and a CO2 flow rate of 100 sccm. In addition, the application of ultrasonic treatment improved structural stability and rate capability. Consequently, the S_L-Si/C + Si@C-2 exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 2700.7 mAh/g at 0.1 C and a capacity of 617.4 mAh/g at a high rate of 6 C.