<p>With the rapid development of advanced manufacturing, 5-axis machine tools capable of high-precision machining of complex geometries is growing increasingly important. However, volumetric errors caused by structural deformation in these machines reduce the geometric accuracy of the machined parts. Kinematic errors, in particular, directly affect the relative position and posture between the tool and the workpiece. Accordingly, accurately identifying and compensating for these errors is essential for minimizing and controlling volumetric errors. This paper introduces a method for quantitatively assessing the impact of each kinematic error on volumetric errors through sensitivity analysis. It also examines the configuration and operating principles of a volumetric error compensation system that extracts kinematic errors based on a single measurement setup and performs CNC compensation based on these errors. The aim is to enhance the efficiency of the traditionally complex and time-consuming compensation process and propose a technological approach to ensure stable machining accuracy across the entire machining workspace.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>