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<p>Environmental issues such as climate change and resource depletion highlight the need for sustainable solutions in construction. This study explores the feasibility of making wood-based panels from agricultural wastes, namely, pistachio shells (PS) and sunflower capitulum (SC), to address the rising demand for eco-friendly materials. Using sun-dried raw materials, composite panels with SC:PS ratios of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 were produced with polyurethane adhesive and tested for density, thermal conductivity, sound absorption, and combustion behavior. Increasing SC content lowered the density (365 to 205&#xa0;kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and thermal conductivity (0.89 to 0.54 W/m·K) while enhancing sound absorption (0.537 to 0.813). In contrast, a higher PS content yielded a higher density, contributed to a reduced rate of CO emission (0.0019 to 0.0016&#xa0;g/s) and increased the ignition time from 20 to 30&#xa0;s. These findings highlight a sustainable approach to utilizing agricultural waste as construction materials with potential applications in lightweight partition walls, interior acoustic panels and thermal insulation boards.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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A novel eco-friendly composite panel based on pistachio shells and sunflower capitulum: acoustic, thermal, and combustibility characterizations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Mohammadreza Jamshidijam,
  • Mohamed Ackmez Mohit

摘要

Environmental issues such as climate change and resource depletion highlight the need for sustainable solutions in construction. This study explores the feasibility of making wood-based panels from agricultural wastes, namely, pistachio shells (PS) and sunflower capitulum (SC), to address the rising demand for eco-friendly materials. Using sun-dried raw materials, composite panels with SC:PS ratios of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 were produced with polyurethane adhesive and tested for density, thermal conductivity, sound absorption, and combustion behavior. Increasing SC content lowered the density (365 to 205 kg/m3) and thermal conductivity (0.89 to 0.54 W/m·K) while enhancing sound absorption (0.537 to 0.813). In contrast, a higher PS content yielded a higher density, contributed to a reduced rate of CO emission (0.0019 to 0.0016 g/s) and increased the ignition time from 20 to 30 s. These findings highlight a sustainable approach to utilizing agricultural waste as construction materials with potential applications in lightweight partition walls, interior acoustic panels and thermal insulation boards.

Graphical abstract