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<p>The development of sustainable adsorbents that integrate low-cost separation and high contaminant removal efficiency remains a critical challenge in wastewater treatment. This study engineered a sludge-based magnetic floatable particle adsorbent (SMFA-800-0.5) through synergistic co-pyrolysis of municipal sludge, red mud, and hollow glass microspheres (HGM) for the removal of basic fuchsin (BF) from dye wastewater. The results indicated that the dual-function separation approach utilizing Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in situ formation from red mud (magnetization of 8.24 A·m<sup>−1</sup>) enables excellent recovery efficiency, eliminating the need for external Fe precursors, while the integration of HGM provides a self-floating capability with 76% surface retention over 3&#xa0;h. The sludge-derived carbon matrix, enhanced by HGM’s structural support, provides hierarchical pores with a Bruner–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 57.98&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>. The addition of bentonite clay effectively addresses powder dispersion issues in flow systems. This material demonstrates superior adsorption performance, achieving a capacity of 106.72&#xa0;mg·g<sup>−1</sup> for BF via pseudo-first-order kinetics. The enhanced adsorption performance is driven by multi-mechanism synergies, including electrostatic attraction and pore filling. This work pioneers a “zero-external-input, dual-recovery” paradigm for sustainable dye removal.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Innovative resource utilization of sludge and red mud: development of in-situ magnetic and floatable biochar for the adsorption of basic fuchsin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Jing Guo,
  • Peizu Liu,
  • Kai Cui,
  • Dongsheng Feng,
  • Junming Yi,
  • Huidong Li

摘要

The development of sustainable adsorbents that integrate low-cost separation and high contaminant removal efficiency remains a critical challenge in wastewater treatment. This study engineered a sludge-based magnetic floatable particle adsorbent (SMFA-800-0.5) through synergistic co-pyrolysis of municipal sludge, red mud, and hollow glass microspheres (HGM) for the removal of basic fuchsin (BF) from dye wastewater. The results indicated that the dual-function separation approach utilizing Fe3O4 in situ formation from red mud (magnetization of 8.24 A·m−1) enables excellent recovery efficiency, eliminating the need for external Fe precursors, while the integration of HGM provides a self-floating capability with 76% surface retention over 3 h. The sludge-derived carbon matrix, enhanced by HGM’s structural support, provides hierarchical pores with a Bruner–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 57.98 m2·g−1. The addition of bentonite clay effectively addresses powder dispersion issues in flow systems. This material demonstrates superior adsorption performance, achieving a capacity of 106.72 mg·g−1 for BF via pseudo-first-order kinetics. The enhanced adsorption performance is driven by multi-mechanism synergies, including electrostatic attraction and pore filling. This work pioneers a “zero-external-input, dual-recovery” paradigm for sustainable dye removal.

Graphical abstract