Scholarlink

<p>Effective inhalation therapy in infants presents significant challenges owing to their distinctive airway anatomy, respiratory patterns, and behavioural factors. This study examined aerosol deposition in a realistic infant airway model under various respiratory conditions, including normal breathing and crying. The airway geometry of a 10-month-old infant was reconstructed from computed tomography scans, and both computational (<i>in silico</i>) and experimental (<i>in vitro</i>) methodologies were employed to analyse aerosol deposition patterns. The findings demonstrated that while a substantial proportion of nebulised aerosol particles (70%) bypassed the upper respiratory tract during stationary inspiration, realistic breathing patterns revealed considerable variations in deposition. Notably, crying significantly increased aerosol deposition in the upper airways. Particle size also exhibited a crucial role, with 5 µm particles demonstrating 50% deposition in the upper airways during normal breathing compared to only 6% for 2.5 µm particles. This observation underscores the suboptimal nature of current inhalation products, which are frequently designed for particle sizes of 1–5 µm. This study provides valuable insights into aerosol delivery in infants, emphasising the need for age-specific inhalation therapy. Modifications in particle size distribution, potentially towards smaller particles (1–2.5 µm), may enhance therapeutic outcomes. Further research is warranted to develop infant-specific airway models and to explore alternative particle designs to optimise inhalation drug delivery in this vulnerable population.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Challenges of infant pulmonary drug delivery: Aerosol deposition during realistic breathing

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

查看全文
  • Ondrej Mišík,
  • František Prinz,
  • Jakub Elcner,
  • Jakub Lázňovský,
  • Miloslav Bělka,
  • Tomáš Juren,
  • Jan Jedelsky,
  • František Lízal

摘要

Effective inhalation therapy in infants presents significant challenges owing to their distinctive airway anatomy, respiratory patterns, and behavioural factors. This study examined aerosol deposition in a realistic infant airway model under various respiratory conditions, including normal breathing and crying. The airway geometry of a 10-month-old infant was reconstructed from computed tomography scans, and both computational (in silico) and experimental (in vitro) methodologies were employed to analyse aerosol deposition patterns. The findings demonstrated that while a substantial proportion of nebulised aerosol particles (70%) bypassed the upper respiratory tract during stationary inspiration, realistic breathing patterns revealed considerable variations in deposition. Notably, crying significantly increased aerosol deposition in the upper airways. Particle size also exhibited a crucial role, with 5 µm particles demonstrating 50% deposition in the upper airways during normal breathing compared to only 6% for 2.5 µm particles. This observation underscores the suboptimal nature of current inhalation products, which are frequently designed for particle sizes of 1–5 µm. This study provides valuable insights into aerosol delivery in infants, emphasising the need for age-specific inhalation therapy. Modifications in particle size distribution, potentially towards smaller particles (1–2.5 µm), may enhance therapeutic outcomes. Further research is warranted to develop infant-specific airway models and to explore alternative particle designs to optimise inhalation drug delivery in this vulnerable population.