<p>Biochar (BC) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are increasingly used to improve soil properties, plant growth, and development. A greenhouse study was conducted to examine the synergistic potential of biochar along with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on tomato by using recommended agronomic and management practices. This study consisted of a total of six treatments: CK (control); BC (biochar, 2%); QS40 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS40); AK-35 (<i>Enterobacter</i> sp.). AK-35; BC + QS40: BC (2%) along with <i>Pseudomonas aerugenosa</i> QS40 and BC + AK-35: BC (2%) along with <i>Enterobacter</i> sp. AK-35 with four replications of each. Under greenhouse conditions, BC utilization with AK-35 significantly (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05) increases tomato morphology in terms of plant height (56.6%), stem diameter (56.9%), shoot fresh (57%) and dry weight (52.16% ) and yield attributes as Fruit yield per plant, average fruit diameter, and fruit weight increased by 131.23%, 55.40%, and 39.60%, respectively over control. The chlorophyll contents, and macronutrients (N, P &amp; K) composition in different tomato tissues were also improved significantly by similar combination of treatment over control. Soil physiochemical properties, soil organic (76.19%) and dissolved organic carbon (72.70%), microbial biomass –C (59.64%), biomass-N (91.91%), biomass-P (99.18), urease (74.65%), phosphomonoesterase (97.21%), β-glucosidase (84.11%), and dehydrogenase activity (58.15%) increased significantly (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05) as 59.64%, 248 91.91%, 99.18%, respectively, over sole and control treatment. Moreover, sole QS40 and AK-35 utilization had a more pronounced positive impact on soil properties, tomato growth, and production than BC and control. Thus, the current experiment suggested that synergistic utilization of BC along with <i>Enterobacter</i> sp. AK-35 is considered suitable for increasing soil health, tomato growth, and production. </p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic Utilization of Biochar and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria to Enhance Soil Health, Tomato Growth, and Production

  • Sabir Iqbal,
  • Shahzad Ali,
  • Essam Elatafi,
  • Syed Ayyaz Javed,
  • Manzoor Ahmed,
  • Komal Tariq,
  • Basma Elhendawy

摘要

Biochar (BC) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are increasingly used to improve soil properties, plant growth, and development. A greenhouse study was conducted to examine the synergistic potential of biochar along with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on tomato by using recommended agronomic and management practices. This study consisted of a total of six treatments: CK (control); BC (biochar, 2%); QS40 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS40); AK-35 (Enterobacter sp.). AK-35; BC + QS40: BC (2%) along with Pseudomonas aerugenosa QS40 and BC + AK-35: BC (2%) along with Enterobacter sp. AK-35 with four replications of each. Under greenhouse conditions, BC utilization with AK-35 significantly (p < 0.05) increases tomato morphology in terms of plant height (56.6%), stem diameter (56.9%), shoot fresh (57%) and dry weight (52.16% ) and yield attributes as Fruit yield per plant, average fruit diameter, and fruit weight increased by 131.23%, 55.40%, and 39.60%, respectively over control. The chlorophyll contents, and macronutrients (N, P & K) composition in different tomato tissues were also improved significantly by similar combination of treatment over control. Soil physiochemical properties, soil organic (76.19%) and dissolved organic carbon (72.70%), microbial biomass –C (59.64%), biomass-N (91.91%), biomass-P (99.18), urease (74.65%), phosphomonoesterase (97.21%), β-glucosidase (84.11%), and dehydrogenase activity (58.15%) increased significantly (p < 0.05) as 59.64%, 248 91.91%, 99.18%, respectively, over sole and control treatment. Moreover, sole QS40 and AK-35 utilization had a more pronounced positive impact on soil properties, tomato growth, and production than BC and control. Thus, the current experiment suggested that synergistic utilization of BC along with Enterobacter sp. AK-35 is considered suitable for increasing soil health, tomato growth, and production.

Graphical Abstract