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Purpose <p>Global climate change has exacerbated the ongoing decline in the carbon sequestration capacity of coastal saline-alkali soils. This study aimed to evaluate the net climate impact of biochar and Juncao integration in coastal saline-alkali soils by assessing carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions and global warming potential (GWP).</p> Methods <p>A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of biochar application rates (0, 10, 20, 30 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>) and Juncao species (<i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> and <i>Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1</i>) on soil properties, microbial functional gene abundance (analyzed by real-time PCR-absolute quantification method), and CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O emissions (measured by gas chromatography).</p> Results <p>The results showed that biochar significantly increased soil organic carbon (by 9.76% to 52.24%) and total carbon content (up to 28.87%). It also raised cumulative CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by up to 47.6% and 620.83%, respectively, but significantly suppressed CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (reduction up to 155.05%). Consequently, biochar application significantly increased the GWP, and this effect was positively correlated with the application rate. Moreover, while the GWP for <i>Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1</i> under low-concentration biochar (10 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>) did not differ significantly from the 0 t·ha<sup>–1</sup> treatment, it was 31.87% lower than that for <i>Pennisetum giganteum</i> under the same treatment, highlighting its advantage in minimizing the net warming effect. Soil microbial functional gene analysis revealed that biochar significantly decreased <i>mcrA</i> gene abundance but had no significant impact on denitrification-related <i>nirK</i> gene.</p> Conclusions <p>This study concluded that optimizing biochar application rates and Juncao species selection are essential for maximizing the climate benefits of coastal saline-alkali soil remediation. Specifically, to minimize the net negative climate impact, the optimal strategy is the application of biochar at 10 t·ha<sup>–1</sup> coupled with the cultivation of <i>Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1</i>.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Biochar and Juncao Cultivation Synergistically Improve Coastal Saline-alkali Soil and Modulate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Haodong Zheng,
  • Hongqiao Li,
  • Rongkang Wang,
  • Yiying Wang,
  • Yuan Gao,
  • Sili Peng,
  • Zimei Miao

摘要

Purpose

Global climate change has exacerbated the ongoing decline in the carbon sequestration capacity of coastal saline-alkali soils. This study aimed to evaluate the net climate impact of biochar and Juncao integration in coastal saline-alkali soils by assessing carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and global warming potential (GWP).

Methods

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of biochar application rates (0, 10, 20, 30 t·ha–1) and Juncao species (Pennisetum giganteum and Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1) on soil properties, microbial functional gene abundance (analyzed by real-time PCR-absolute quantification method), and CO2, CH4, N2O emissions (measured by gas chromatography).

Results

The results showed that biochar significantly increased soil organic carbon (by 9.76% to 52.24%) and total carbon content (up to 28.87%). It also raised cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions by up to 47.6% and 620.83%, respectively, but significantly suppressed CH4 emissions (reduction up to 155.05%). Consequently, biochar application significantly increased the GWP, and this effect was positively correlated with the application rate. Moreover, while the GWP for Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1 under low-concentration biochar (10 t·ha–1) did not differ significantly from the 0 t·ha–1 treatment, it was 31.87% lower than that for Pennisetum giganteum under the same treatment, highlighting its advantage in minimizing the net warming effect. Soil microbial functional gene analysis revealed that biochar significantly decreased mcrA gene abundance but had no significant impact on denitrification-related nirK gene.

Conclusions

This study concluded that optimizing biochar application rates and Juncao species selection are essential for maximizing the climate benefits of coastal saline-alkali soil remediation. Specifically, to minimize the net negative climate impact, the optimal strategy is the application of biochar at 10 t·ha–1 coupled with the cultivation of Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No.1.

Graphical Abstract