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<p>Climate change is a major global challenge, intensifying abiotic stresses that adversely impact agricultural productivity. Among these, drought is the most detrimental, drastically reducing crop yields and posing a severe risk to global food security, particularly among a rapidly rising population. The increasing frequency and severity of drought events necessitate sustainable strategies to enhance crop tolerance under drought stress. Plant–microbe interactions, particularly with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), represent an effective and sustainable biological approach to mitigate drought stress. This review emphasizes the major impact of drought on plants and highlights the mechanisms by which PGPR alleviate stress and promote growth. PGPR contribute to drought tolerance through diverse mechanisms, including the synthesis of phytohormones, the accumulation of osmoprotectants, and the reduction of stress levels via aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity. In addition, PGPR enhances nutrient uptake, improves soil aggregation, and increases water-retention capacity, thereby strengthening plant adaptability to drought conditions. This review explores the latest progress in understanding plant–microbiome interactions using advanced biotechnological strategies. It focuses on the importance of metabolic and chemical communication among interacting microorganisms in strengthening plant responses to intensifying drought stress. By integrating current knowledge and identifying future research directions, it emphasizes the potential of PGPR to constitute a key pillar of sustainable agriculture and integrated drought management strategies, enhancing crop resilience and supporting global food security under changing climatic conditions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>A schematic illustration depicting plant responses to drought stress in the absence and presence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), highlighting the principal mechanisms underlying PGPR-mediated growth promotion. The figure also integrates the role of modern biotechnological interventions in enhancing sustainable and climate resilient agricultural systems. (ACC:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; EPS: Exopolysaccharides; VOCs: Volatile organic compounds).</p> <p></p>

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Elucidating the Functional Role of PGPR in Modulating Plant Physiology for Improved Drought Resilience and Yield Enhancement: A Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Srishti Mishra,
  • Krishna Kumar Choudhary

摘要

Climate change is a major global challenge, intensifying abiotic stresses that adversely impact agricultural productivity. Among these, drought is the most detrimental, drastically reducing crop yields and posing a severe risk to global food security, particularly among a rapidly rising population. The increasing frequency and severity of drought events necessitate sustainable strategies to enhance crop tolerance under drought stress. Plant–microbe interactions, particularly with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), represent an effective and sustainable biological approach to mitigate drought stress. This review emphasizes the major impact of drought on plants and highlights the mechanisms by which PGPR alleviate stress and promote growth. PGPR contribute to drought tolerance through diverse mechanisms, including the synthesis of phytohormones, the accumulation of osmoprotectants, and the reduction of stress levels via aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity. In addition, PGPR enhances nutrient uptake, improves soil aggregation, and increases water-retention capacity, thereby strengthening plant adaptability to drought conditions. This review explores the latest progress in understanding plant–microbiome interactions using advanced biotechnological strategies. It focuses on the importance of metabolic and chemical communication among interacting microorganisms in strengthening plant responses to intensifying drought stress. By integrating current knowledge and identifying future research directions, it emphasizes the potential of PGPR to constitute a key pillar of sustainable agriculture and integrated drought management strategies, enhancing crop resilience and supporting global food security under changing climatic conditions.

Graphical Abstract

A schematic illustration depicting plant responses to drought stress in the absence and presence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), highlighting the principal mechanisms underlying PGPR-mediated growth promotion. The figure also integrates the role of modern biotechnological interventions in enhancing sustainable and climate resilient agricultural systems. (ACC:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; EPS: Exopolysaccharides; VOCs: Volatile organic compounds).