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<p>This study evaluates the longterm impact of conservation agriculture (CA) on soil aggregation, carbon (C) stabilization, and C cycling enzymes in an Inceptisol under a maize-mustard system, involving a unique methodology to compute stabilized soil organic carbon (SOC) within the density fractions addressing global agricultural challenges like soil deterioration and food security.&#xa0;A long-term experiment (11 years) encompassing seven treatment combinations, including tillage, crop establishment, and residue management, was conducted in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India.&#xa0;The treatment with zero tilled maize + residue – zero tilled mustard + residue – zero tilled mungbean + residue (ZTMz + R–ZTM + R–ZTMB + R) recorded 70% and 34% higher coarse particulate organic matter within macroaggregates (cPOM_M) and microaggregates inside macroaggregates (mM) in the 0–5&#xa0;cm soil, compared with conventional tillage (CT). This treatment also achieved the highest total carbon stock (16.6% more than CT) and maximum C stabilization (2.06&#xa0;g C/1000&#xa0;g soil) in iPOM_mM. The contribution of microaggregates within macroaggregates to total stabilized carbon rose from 29.5% to 39.1% under CA. Enzyme activities (dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase) were also significantly enhanced (29% and 89%, respectively).&#xa0;This study offers new insights showing ZTMz + R–ZTM + R–ZTMB + R treatment, with triple zero tillage and residue retention, not only increases SOC levels but also helps stabilize it by supporting beneficial microbial and enzymatic activity—especially within protected soil aggregates underscoring the its effectiveness for sustainable farming and environmental conservation to combat soil degradation and ensure food security under subtropical condition.</p>

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Organic Carbon Stabilization and Carbon Cycling Enzymes Within Soil Aggregates Under Conservation Agricultural Practices in Sub-Tropical India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Jaya Kishore Ankireddypalli,
  • Shrila Das,
  • Ranjan Bhattacharyya,
  • Ruma Das,
  • Abir Dey,
  • Dipak Ranjan Biswas,
  • Tapas Kumar Das,
  • Radha Prasanna,
  • Kaustav Aditya

摘要

This study evaluates the longterm impact of conservation agriculture (CA) on soil aggregation, carbon (C) stabilization, and C cycling enzymes in an Inceptisol under a maize-mustard system, involving a unique methodology to compute stabilized soil organic carbon (SOC) within the density fractions addressing global agricultural challenges like soil deterioration and food security. A long-term experiment (11 years) encompassing seven treatment combinations, including tillage, crop establishment, and residue management, was conducted in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India. The treatment with zero tilled maize + residue – zero tilled mustard + residue – zero tilled mungbean + residue (ZTMz + R–ZTM + R–ZTMB + R) recorded 70% and 34% higher coarse particulate organic matter within macroaggregates (cPOM_M) and microaggregates inside macroaggregates (mM) in the 0–5 cm soil, compared with conventional tillage (CT). This treatment also achieved the highest total carbon stock (16.6% more than CT) and maximum C stabilization (2.06 g C/1000 g soil) in iPOM_mM. The contribution of microaggregates within macroaggregates to total stabilized carbon rose from 29.5% to 39.1% under CA. Enzyme activities (dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase) were also significantly enhanced (29% and 89%, respectively). This study offers new insights showing ZTMz + R–ZTM + R–ZTMB + R treatment, with triple zero tillage and residue retention, not only increases SOC levels but also helps stabilize it by supporting beneficial microbial and enzymatic activity—especially within protected soil aggregates underscoring the its effectiveness for sustainable farming and environmental conservation to combat soil degradation and ensure food security under subtropical condition.