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<p> Purpose The incorporation of crop residues is regarded as an important practice for increasing agricultural productivity. However, the impact of different residue types on the yield and quality of forage crops remains unclear. This study examines the effect of common vetch (CV), alfalfa (AF), and maize (MZ) residues on plant growth and quality of forage crops in controlled dryland conditions. Methods A two-phase greenhouse experiment was conducted to cultivate each crop, incorporating its harvested biomass as residue, and to evaluate their effects on soil nitrogen content, growth, and qualitative attributes of subsequent forage crops. Results Crop residues, particularly alfalfa residue (AF), significantly improved the growth indices and quality of forage crops. The AF residue increased plant height of common vetch, alfalfa, and maize by 47.65%, 76.88%, and 49.06%, and leaf number in common vetch and alfalfa by 28.73% and 84.75%, respectively, compared to the control (CK), respectively. It also increased chlorophyll <i>a</i> in maize by 89.52%, while increasing chlorophyll <i>b</i> in common vetch, alfalfa, and maize by 17.76%, 92.55%, and 92.19%, respectively, relative to CK, respectively. In addition, the AF treatment increased root and shoot dry biomass of common vetch (90.0% and 46.07%), alfalfa (55.01% and 75.68%), and maize (63.07% and 47.50%) compared to CK, respectively. Furthermore, the AF treatment increased crude protein content in common vetch (32.13%), alfalfa (16.76%), and maize (31.08%), while decreasing acid detergent fibre in alfalfa (19.74%) and maize (22.10%), and neutral detergent fibre in common vetch (15.64%) and alfalfa (17.01%), compared to CK, respectively. Conclusion These findings highlight that crop residues, particularly alfalfa residue, deliver significant short-term improvements in the growth and quality of forage crops, supporting their use for sustainable management.</p>

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Soil Incorporation of Legume and Cereal Crop Residue Improves Biomass and Quality of Forage Crops

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Moazma Waris,
  • Abdalla I. A. Ahmed,
  • Muhammad Kamran,
  • Shenghua Chang,
  • Lan Li,
  • Fujiang Hou

摘要

Purpose The incorporation of crop residues is regarded as an important practice for increasing agricultural productivity. However, the impact of different residue types on the yield and quality of forage crops remains unclear. This study examines the effect of common vetch (CV), alfalfa (AF), and maize (MZ) residues on plant growth and quality of forage crops in controlled dryland conditions. Methods A two-phase greenhouse experiment was conducted to cultivate each crop, incorporating its harvested biomass as residue, and to evaluate their effects on soil nitrogen content, growth, and qualitative attributes of subsequent forage crops. Results Crop residues, particularly alfalfa residue (AF), significantly improved the growth indices and quality of forage crops. The AF residue increased plant height of common vetch, alfalfa, and maize by 47.65%, 76.88%, and 49.06%, and leaf number in common vetch and alfalfa by 28.73% and 84.75%, respectively, compared to the control (CK), respectively. It also increased chlorophyll a in maize by 89.52%, while increasing chlorophyll b in common vetch, alfalfa, and maize by 17.76%, 92.55%, and 92.19%, respectively, relative to CK, respectively. In addition, the AF treatment increased root and shoot dry biomass of common vetch (90.0% and 46.07%), alfalfa (55.01% and 75.68%), and maize (63.07% and 47.50%) compared to CK, respectively. Furthermore, the AF treatment increased crude protein content in common vetch (32.13%), alfalfa (16.76%), and maize (31.08%), while decreasing acid detergent fibre in alfalfa (19.74%) and maize (22.10%), and neutral detergent fibre in common vetch (15.64%) and alfalfa (17.01%), compared to CK, respectively. Conclusion These findings highlight that crop residues, particularly alfalfa residue, deliver significant short-term improvements in the growth and quality of forage crops, supporting their use for sustainable management.