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<p>Alkaline stress is an important abiotic factor that severely limits plant growth and development. The plants were exposed to alkaline stress (0 and 30 mM) and were exogenously sprayed with melatonin (MT: 0, 100, and 200 µM) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA: 0, 25, and 50 mM). The hydroponically grown ‘Paros’ strawberries in a cocopeat: perlite mixture (1:1). Alkaline stress markedly decreased biomass, maximal quantum efficiency yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and nutrient absorption, while boosting membrane damage and sodium accumulation. The application of MT and GABA significantly mitigated alkaline stress, with MT100 combined with 25 mM GABA exhibiting the greatest significant response. Under alkaline stress, MT100 combined with GABA25 increased shoot and root dry weight by 49% and 136%, respectively; total chlorophyll by 35%; Fv/Fm by 5%; and soluble carbohydrate by 42%, despite decreased electrolyte leakage by 48%, malondialdehyde by 45%, and sodium content by 45%. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, increased by more than 65%, together with enhanced absorption of phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, and copper. Elevated GABA levels, especially when combined with MT200, exhibited reduced or antagonistic effects. The findings indicate that the combination of MT100 and 25 mM GABA significantly improves alkaline stress tolerance in strawberry plants. This combination suggests significant potential for application in strawberry production under alkaline stress, but it requires further investigation in field and commercial systems.</p>

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Mitigating Alkaline Stress in Strawberry: Synergistic Effects of Melatonin and GABA on Membrane Integrity, Antioxidant Activity, and Ionic Balance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Mohsen Shirdel,
  • Saeid Eshghi,
  • Asghar Ramezanian,
  • Ali Gharaghani,
  • Mohammad Etemadi

摘要

Alkaline stress is an important abiotic factor that severely limits plant growth and development. The plants were exposed to alkaline stress (0 and 30 mM) and were exogenously sprayed with melatonin (MT: 0, 100, and 200 µM) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA: 0, 25, and 50 mM). The hydroponically grown ‘Paros’ strawberries in a cocopeat: perlite mixture (1:1). Alkaline stress markedly decreased biomass, maximal quantum efficiency yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and nutrient absorption, while boosting membrane damage and sodium accumulation. The application of MT and GABA significantly mitigated alkaline stress, with MT100 combined with 25 mM GABA exhibiting the greatest significant response. Under alkaline stress, MT100 combined with GABA25 increased shoot and root dry weight by 49% and 136%, respectively; total chlorophyll by 35%; Fv/Fm by 5%; and soluble carbohydrate by 42%, despite decreased electrolyte leakage by 48%, malondialdehyde by 45%, and sodium content by 45%. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, increased by more than 65%, together with enhanced absorption of phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, and copper. Elevated GABA levels, especially when combined with MT200, exhibited reduced or antagonistic effects. The findings indicate that the combination of MT100 and 25 mM GABA significantly improves alkaline stress tolerance in strawberry plants. This combination suggests significant potential for application in strawberry production under alkaline stress, but it requires further investigation in field and commercial systems.