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<p>Feremycorrhiza (FM) is a beneficial symbiosis between the Australian native fungus <i>Austroboletus occidentalis</i> and diverse plant species, including eucalypts, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) crops, and non-AM crops such as canola. This study aimed to investigate the generalist nature of the FM fungus across multiple host plants, and its effects on plant-available soil phosphorus (P) and plant P uptake efficiency (PUpE). The effects of <i>A. occidentalis</i> on plant growth, shoot nutrient uptake, soil P availability, and PUpE in 14 crop and pasture species including cereals, forage grasses, legumes, and oilseeds were investigated under P-deficient conditions, using low-P soils (Colwell P = 4–5&#xa0;mg kg<sup>− 1</sup>) supplemented with a minimal P dose (2&#xa0;mg kg<sup>− 1</sup>). Plants were harvested after 6 weeks of growth. Inoculated plants of all species had significantly increased shoot and root biomass, compared with the non-inoculated controls. Most inoculated crop and pasture species also exhibited increased shoot contents of nutrients, including P, nitrogen, potassium, and several micronutrients. Plant-available P in soil was significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the inoculated treatments compared with the non-inoculated controls across all plant species. PUpE was also enhanced in most inoculated species, with the highest gains in wheat (by 122%) and maize (by 65%) relative to the control. <i>Austroboletus occidentalis</i> formed effective symbiosis with a wide range of crops and pastures, highlighting its role as a generalist symbiont. By enhancing soil-available P, plant nutrient uptake and growth, the FM symbiosis presents a novel approach for sustainable P management in cropping and pasture systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Feremycorrhizal Fungus Austroboletus occidentalis Improves Growth and Nutrition of Diverse Crop and Pasture Species

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Yasodhini Malika Liyanage,
  • Khalil Kariman,
  • Saleh Rahimlou,
  • Zed Rengel

摘要

Feremycorrhiza (FM) is a beneficial symbiosis between the Australian native fungus Austroboletus occidentalis and diverse plant species, including eucalypts, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) crops, and non-AM crops such as canola. This study aimed to investigate the generalist nature of the FM fungus across multiple host plants, and its effects on plant-available soil phosphorus (P) and plant P uptake efficiency (PUpE). The effects of A. occidentalis on plant growth, shoot nutrient uptake, soil P availability, and PUpE in 14 crop and pasture species including cereals, forage grasses, legumes, and oilseeds were investigated under P-deficient conditions, using low-P soils (Colwell P = 4–5 mg kg− 1) supplemented with a minimal P dose (2 mg kg− 1). Plants were harvested after 6 weeks of growth. Inoculated plants of all species had significantly increased shoot and root biomass, compared with the non-inoculated controls. Most inoculated crop and pasture species also exhibited increased shoot contents of nutrients, including P, nitrogen, potassium, and several micronutrients. Plant-available P in soil was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the inoculated treatments compared with the non-inoculated controls across all plant species. PUpE was also enhanced in most inoculated species, with the highest gains in wheat (by 122%) and maize (by 65%) relative to the control. Austroboletus occidentalis formed effective symbiosis with a wide range of crops and pastures, highlighting its role as a generalist symbiont. By enhancing soil-available P, plant nutrient uptake and growth, the FM symbiosis presents a novel approach for sustainable P management in cropping and pasture systems.

Graphical Abstract