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<p>Soil organic amendments can influence nitrogen fixation in legumes, affecting plant growth. In addition to symbiotic rhizobial bacteria, free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i>, play a crucial role in nitrogen dynamics by fixing atmospheric nitrogen into plant-usable forms. This study investigated the effects of <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i> inoculation, compost and biochar (wood and manure-derived) application when applied individually or in combination, on the growth and nitrogen dynamics of <i>Medicago sativa</i> cultivated under low nitrogen availability conditions, in a pot experiment. Compost and its combinations with both biochars markedly improved shoot and root dry weight, with compost showing the most consistent growth benefits. Inoculated plants treated with manure or wood biochar exhibited increased nitrogen fixation efficiency and higher NH₄⁺-N concentrations, while those treated with wood biochar also showed increased plant height. However, inoculation with <i>A. vinelandii</i> alone negatively affected plant biomass. In both combined compost–biochar treatments, <i>A. vinelandii</i> inoculation led to a reduction in NH₄⁺-N and an increase in NO₃⁻-N levels, accompanied by a decrease in growth substrate pH, indicating stimulation of nitrification. These results highlight the importance of microbial–amendment interactions with organic inputs in modulating nitrogen availability and optimizing legume growth under low N availability conditions.</p>

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Integrated Application of Organic Amendments and Microbial Biostimulants Alters Nitrogen Dynamics in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Rhizosphere

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Christina N. Nikolaou,
  • Myrto Tsiknia,
  • Georgios Bekiaris,
  • Io Kefalogianni,
  • Dimitrios Kalderis,
  • Constantinos Ehaliotis,
  • Iordanis Chatzipavlidis

摘要

Soil organic amendments can influence nitrogen fixation in legumes, affecting plant growth. In addition to symbiotic rhizobial bacteria, free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Azotobacter vinelandii, play a crucial role in nitrogen dynamics by fixing atmospheric nitrogen into plant-usable forms. This study investigated the effects of Azotobacter vinelandii inoculation, compost and biochar (wood and manure-derived) application when applied individually or in combination, on the growth and nitrogen dynamics of Medicago sativa cultivated under low nitrogen availability conditions, in a pot experiment. Compost and its combinations with both biochars markedly improved shoot and root dry weight, with compost showing the most consistent growth benefits. Inoculated plants treated with manure or wood biochar exhibited increased nitrogen fixation efficiency and higher NH₄⁺-N concentrations, while those treated with wood biochar also showed increased plant height. However, inoculation with A. vinelandii alone negatively affected plant biomass. In both combined compost–biochar treatments, A. vinelandii inoculation led to a reduction in NH₄⁺-N and an increase in NO₃⁻-N levels, accompanied by a decrease in growth substrate pH, indicating stimulation of nitrification. These results highlight the importance of microbial–amendment interactions with organic inputs in modulating nitrogen availability and optimizing legume growth under low N availability conditions.