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<p>Chlorophyll biosynthetic pathways are one of the complex pathways connecting carbon metabolism to other metabolic processes, spreading over different cellular compartments. Changes in the synthesis of chlorophyll precursors (Pchlide, porphyrin, pro-porphyrin, and Mg porphyrin) regulate the light-harvesting potential of plants, which subsequently affects photosynthetic ability and biomass production under sub-optimal environments. Hence, the role of <i>Bacillus</i> isolates was scrutinized on chlorophyll precursor’s synthesis, light-harvesting potential, and physiological resilience of two maize cultivars against combined (moisture + salt) stress environment. Bacterial isolates like <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (<i>Bs</i>) ACCN -MW362511, <i>B. cereus</i> (<i>Bc</i>) ACCN − 074540.1, and <i>B. licheniformis</i> (<i>Bl</i>) ACCN- MW362506 were used as a drenching method. The distilled water was added as the control. The three-week-old seedlings were subjected to combined moisture (35–40% soil moisture content) and a fixed 100 mM (NaCl) stress. Growth of each P1659W and 30T60 cultivars was significantly increased in <i>Bacillus</i> treated samples (<i>Bs</i>,<i> Bc</i>,<i> Bl</i>) compared to the negative control (“C” stressed plants without bacteria). Applying <i>Bl</i> alone or in combination with <i>Bc</i> increased 41 to 129% in the shoot length of cultivar P1659W compared to 30T60, where 26.7 to 86% increase was noted. Likewise, <i>Bl</i> treated plants showed 59 to 273% in leaf water retention and 59 to 273% in stomatal conductance compared to the negative control (C). Results indicated that the chlorophyll and their precursor synthesis were sustained in <i>Bl</i> and its combined treatment (<i>Bc + Bl</i>), showing 34 to 92% increase in pchlide, 9 to 61% in Mg-Porphyrin, and 14 to 79% in Proto porphyrin levels corresponding with 73.5 to 120% increase in total chlorophyll content under combined stress.<i>B. licheniformis</i> modulates chlorophyll precursor synthesis, stimulating chlorophyll content and thus sustaining photosynthesis performance of Maize cultivars in soil exposed to moisture and salt stresses.</p>

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Application of Salt-resistant Microbes Modulates Chlorophyll and Chlorophyll Supply-Orientation for Sustaining Optimum Photosynthetic Performance in Maize Cultivars Under Sub-optimum Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,
  • Fiza Ali,
  • Zainul Abideen,
  • Komal Nida,
  • Mohammed Alghonaim,
  • Abdelghafar Mohamed Abu-Elsaoud

摘要

Chlorophyll biosynthetic pathways are one of the complex pathways connecting carbon metabolism to other metabolic processes, spreading over different cellular compartments. Changes in the synthesis of chlorophyll precursors (Pchlide, porphyrin, pro-porphyrin, and Mg porphyrin) regulate the light-harvesting potential of plants, which subsequently affects photosynthetic ability and biomass production under sub-optimal environments. Hence, the role of Bacillus isolates was scrutinized on chlorophyll precursor’s synthesis, light-harvesting potential, and physiological resilience of two maize cultivars against combined (moisture + salt) stress environment. Bacterial isolates like Bacillus subtilis (Bs) ACCN -MW362511, B. cereus (Bc) ACCN − 074540.1, and B. licheniformis (Bl) ACCN- MW362506 were used as a drenching method. The distilled water was added as the control. The three-week-old seedlings were subjected to combined moisture (35–40% soil moisture content) and a fixed 100 mM (NaCl) stress. Growth of each P1659W and 30T60 cultivars was significantly increased in Bacillus treated samples (Bs, Bc, Bl) compared to the negative control (“C” stressed plants without bacteria). Applying Bl alone or in combination with Bc increased 41 to 129% in the shoot length of cultivar P1659W compared to 30T60, where 26.7 to 86% increase was noted. Likewise, Bl treated plants showed 59 to 273% in leaf water retention and 59 to 273% in stomatal conductance compared to the negative control (C). Results indicated that the chlorophyll and their precursor synthesis were sustained in Bl and its combined treatment (Bc + Bl), showing 34 to 92% increase in pchlide, 9 to 61% in Mg-Porphyrin, and 14 to 79% in Proto porphyrin levels corresponding with 73.5 to 120% increase in total chlorophyll content under combined stress.B. licheniformis modulates chlorophyll precursor synthesis, stimulating chlorophyll content and thus sustaining photosynthesis performance of Maize cultivars in soil exposed to moisture and salt stresses.