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<p><i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. (Moringaceae) is a fast-growing species of high agronomic potential, but its germination and early seedling development are highly sensitive to abiotic stresses, especially salinity. In this context, ultrasound has emerged as a promising pre-germinative treatment capable of enhancing seed hydration and mitigating the inhibitory effects of saline stress. This study aimed to assess the physiological response of <i>Moringa</i> seeds to ultrasound-assisted intermittent hydration under saline and non-saline conditions. Seeds were subjected to intermittent hydration in an ultrasonic bath, with or without NaCl (150 mmol), for cumulative times of 50 and 60&#xa0;min. Hydration kinetics, germination rate and percentage, average germination time (ATG), and radicle and seedling growth were monitored over 168&#xa0;h. The results showed that ultrasound treatment (US-50&#xa0;min) was the most effective in all parameters analyzed. Compared to the control, the average germination time (ATG) was reduced by more than 11.5%, and the germination percentage was significantly higher (&gt; 12.1% after 168&#xa0;h). Root growth was 35.7% higher than the control, while the seedling showed a 42% increase, evidencing the biostimulant effect of ultrasound. Although treatment with NaCl alone compromised the physiological performance of the seeds, the combined application of ultrasound and salt (NaCl-US-60&#xa0;min) promoted a relevant biological improvement, with a reduction in hydration time and an increase in seedling growth (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Ultrasound-assisted hydration proved to be a promising and sustainable approach to enhance <i>Moringa oleifera</i> germination and seedling vigor. Its use could support seedling production and early establishment of crops in saline or water-limited environments, contributing to more resilient and productive agricultural systems.</p>

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Ultrasound-assisted Hydration Improves Germination and Early Growth of Moringa oleifera Under Salinity Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Mateus Aparecido dos Santos,
  • Flaviana Coelho Pacheco,
  • Moisés Henrique Almeida Gusmão,
  • Irene Andressa,
  • Ana Flávia Coelho Pacheco,
  • Paulo Henrique Costa Paiva,
  • Fernando Teixeira Gomes

摘要

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a fast-growing species of high agronomic potential, but its germination and early seedling development are highly sensitive to abiotic stresses, especially salinity. In this context, ultrasound has emerged as a promising pre-germinative treatment capable of enhancing seed hydration and mitigating the inhibitory effects of saline stress. This study aimed to assess the physiological response of Moringa seeds to ultrasound-assisted intermittent hydration under saline and non-saline conditions. Seeds were subjected to intermittent hydration in an ultrasonic bath, with or without NaCl (150 mmol), for cumulative times of 50 and 60 min. Hydration kinetics, germination rate and percentage, average germination time (ATG), and radicle and seedling growth were monitored over 168 h. The results showed that ultrasound treatment (US-50 min) was the most effective in all parameters analyzed. Compared to the control, the average germination time (ATG) was reduced by more than 11.5%, and the germination percentage was significantly higher (> 12.1% after 168 h). Root growth was 35.7% higher than the control, while the seedling showed a 42% increase, evidencing the biostimulant effect of ultrasound. Although treatment with NaCl alone compromised the physiological performance of the seeds, the combined application of ultrasound and salt (NaCl-US-60 min) promoted a relevant biological improvement, with a reduction in hydration time and an increase in seedling growth (p < 0.05). Ultrasound-assisted hydration proved to be a promising and sustainable approach to enhance Moringa oleifera germination and seedling vigor. Its use could support seedling production and early establishment of crops in saline or water-limited environments, contributing to more resilient and productive agricultural systems.