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<p>Phosphorus (P) availability is limited in calcareous soils. Fertilizer banding (localized nutrient supply) is an effective approach to improving crop P-use efficiency (PUE). However, how to manipulate localized nutrient supply of different fertilizers to stimulate root/rhizosphere responses to improve PUE remains largely unclear. In this study, the interactive effects of different fertilizer types and placements were tested on the growth of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), as well as the dynamics of root exudation and rhizosphere chemistry.&#xa0;A soil-column experiment with four acidic fertilizers (single superphosphate plus ammonium, SSA; nitrate ammonium phosphate, NAP; ammonium polyphosphate, APP; and urea ammonium phosphate, UAP) with different NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> content and featuring two fertilizer supply methods (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous nutrient supply) was conducted to explore the changes in maize root/rhizosphere dynamics associated with increased plant P accumulation.&#xa0;Among the four fertilizers, UAP had the highest PUE regardless of fertilization methods. Compared with homogeneous supply, the heterogenous supply of SSA and APP (containing only NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) significantly promoted maize shoot growth and P accumulation accompanied by an increase in total root length (by 20–55%), rhizosphere acidification (pH decreased by 1.8 units) and a 43–54% increase in rhizosphere acid phosphatase activity in the fertilized layer.&#xa0;The soil acidification caused by ammonium-containing fertilizers plays an important role in improving soil P availability. The acidification caused by dissolution of fertilizers and subsequent physiological acidification (accompanying ammonium uptake) can improve maize growth and PUE, providing a promising way for rhizosphere management on calcareous soils.</p>

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Integrating Fertisphere and Rhizosphere Acidification Improves Phosphorus-use Efficiency on Calcareous Soil Under Localized Nutrient Supply

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Jie Xu,
  • Maoying Wang,
  • Baoping Xie,
  • Jinhao Jia,
  • Zed Rengel,
  • Jianbo Shen

摘要

Phosphorus (P) availability is limited in calcareous soils. Fertilizer banding (localized nutrient supply) is an effective approach to improving crop P-use efficiency (PUE). However, how to manipulate localized nutrient supply of different fertilizers to stimulate root/rhizosphere responses to improve PUE remains largely unclear. In this study, the interactive effects of different fertilizer types and placements were tested on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.), as well as the dynamics of root exudation and rhizosphere chemistry. A soil-column experiment with four acidic fertilizers (single superphosphate plus ammonium, SSA; nitrate ammonium phosphate, NAP; ammonium polyphosphate, APP; and urea ammonium phosphate, UAP) with different NH4+ content and featuring two fertilizer supply methods (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous nutrient supply) was conducted to explore the changes in maize root/rhizosphere dynamics associated with increased plant P accumulation. Among the four fertilizers, UAP had the highest PUE regardless of fertilization methods. Compared with homogeneous supply, the heterogenous supply of SSA and APP (containing only NH4+-N) significantly promoted maize shoot growth and P accumulation accompanied by an increase in total root length (by 20–55%), rhizosphere acidification (pH decreased by 1.8 units) and a 43–54% increase in rhizosphere acid phosphatase activity in the fertilized layer. The soil acidification caused by ammonium-containing fertilizers plays an important role in improving soil P availability. The acidification caused by dissolution of fertilizers and subsequent physiological acidification (accompanying ammonium uptake) can improve maize growth and PUE, providing a promising way for rhizosphere management on calcareous soils.